Background: Angiogenesis is likely critical for the process of intramembranous osteogenesis;
however, the developmental relationship between blood vessels and bone mineralization …

Recent studies have shown how volumetric imaging and morphometrics can add significantly
to our understanding of morphogenesis, the developmental basis for variation, and the …

During the late Pleistocene, isolated lineages of hominins exchanged genes thus influencing
genomic variation in humans in both the past and present. However, the dynamics of this …

Background Apert syndrome is characterized by craniosynostosis and limb abnormalities
and is primarily caused by FGFR2 +/P253R and +/S252W mutations. The former mutation is …

A full ring ultrasonic array-based photoacoustic tomography system was recently developed
for small animal brain imaging. The 512-element array is cylindrically focused in the …

Geometric morphometrics is the statistical analysis of landmark-based shape variation and
its covariation with other variables. Over the past two decades, the gold standard of landmark …

Apert syndrome is a congenital disorder caused mainly by two neighboring mutations on
fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2). Premature closure of the coronal suture is …

Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome (BSS) is a human genetic disorder characterized
by skin and skull abnormalities. BSS is caused by mutations in the FGF receptor 2 (FGFR2), …

Many extracellular matrix (ECM) associated proteins that influence ECM properties have
Thrombospondin type 1 repeats (TSRs) which are modified with O-linked fucose. The O-fucose …

Peters plus syndrome (MIM #261540 PTRPLS), characterized by defects in eye development,
prominent forehead, hypertelorism, short stature and brachydactyly, is caused by …