Products, active ingredient, concentration, directions for use, and supplier of treatmentsa used.
| Commercial name | Active ingredient | Concentration applied | Directions for use | Supplier |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Topas | Penconazole | 1.5 mL/L of water | See “Materials and Methods” | Syngenta UK Ltd, Fulbourn, Cambridgeshire, UK |
| Chitin | Chitin | 120 g/m2 under the canopy = 360 g per tree applied | Once as a top dressing in March or as buds swell | Tidal Vision, Bellingham, WA, USA |
| Chitosan | Chitosan | 120 g/m2 under the canopy = 360 g per tree applied | Once as a top dressing in March or as buds swell | Tidal Vision, Bellingham, WA, USA |
| Crab meal | Crab meal | 0.75 kg under the canopy per tree applied | Once as a top dressing in March or as buds swell | Ocean Crest Seafoods Inc., Gloucester, MA, USA |
| Liquid chitosan | Chitosan | 1.0 mL/5 L of water per m2 under the canopy = 3 mL per tree applied | One weekly drench for the first three weeks, and then one drench per month throughout the growing season; start first drench in March or as buds swell | Viresco UK Ltd, Thirsk, North Yorkshire, UK |
| Agrinos 5-0-0 | Chitin | 0.8 g/L of water per m2 under the canopy = 2.4 g per tree applied | Every 2 weeks throughout the growing season; start first drench in March or as buds swell | Hortifeeds, Park Farm, Kettlethorpe, Lincoln, UK |
| Control | Water | – | – | – |
↵aAll treatments based on manufacturers’ recommended efficacy rates.