Linear mixed model of the crown radius in m of all analyzed trees (response variable), with the individual tree code as random effect and fixed effects distance to next obstacle (trees and buildings) related to the intercardinal direction factor.
| Parameter | Fixed effect | Value ± SD | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| a | Intercept | 4.49 ± 0.27 | < 0.001 |
| distanceij | Distance to obstacle | 0.001 ± 0.004 | < 0.001 |
| directionNij | Direction N | −0.08 ± 0.06 | 0.01 |
| directionNEij | Direction NE | −0.002 ± 0.06 | 0.06 |
| directionNWij | Direction NW | −0.13 ± 0.06 | 0.06 |
| directionSij | Direction S | 0.10 ± 0.06 | 0.06 |
| directionSEij | Direction SE | 0.14 ± 0.06 | 0.06 |
| directionSWij | Direction SW | −0.001 ± 0.06 | 0.06 |
| directionWij | Direction W | −0.18 ± 0.06 | 0.06 |
| Random effect dij | 0.31 | - | |
| ε | 0.10 | - |
Levels of direction: 8 (E, N, NE, NW, S, SE, SW, W).
SD (standard deviation).