Table 2.

Trial 1, 1999. The influence of different sugars and concentrations applied as a root drench on leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations, photosynthetic rates, and chlorophyll fluorescence of transplanted birch (Betula pendula Roth.).

Sugar	Chlorophyll concentration (μg/g fresh weight)		Carotenoid (μg/g fresh weight)		Photosynthetic rate (CO₂ pmol/m/s)		Fv/Fm
Sugar	Week 6	Week 24	Week 6	Week 24	Week 6	Week 24	Week 6	Week 24
Control	70.6	73.2	6.0	6.3	6.9	7.3	0.81	0.82
Sucrose
25 g/L	75.4^ns	70.2^ns	5.5^ns	6.3^ns	6.7^ns	7.4^ns	0.76^ns	0.78^ns
50 g/L	57.5^*	73.9^ns	4.4^*	7.0^ns	4.9^*	7.2^ns	0.60^*	0.78^ns
70 g/L	50.2^*	75.8^ns	4.2^*	6.8^ns	4.7^*	6.9^ns	0.59^*	0.83^ns
Fructose
25 g/L	69.4^ns	68.8^ns	5.7^ns	5.9^ns	6.8^ns	6.8^ns	0.77^ns	0.81^ns
50 g/L	60.3^ns	74.4^ns	5.1^ns	6.0^ns	5.1^*	7.0^ns	0.67^ns	0.80^ns
70 g/L	53.4^*	77.9^ns	4.7^*	5.7^ns	4.9^*	7.5^ns	0.62^*	0.79^ns
Glucose
25 g/L	71.1^ns	75.2^ns	5.4^ns	6.3^ns	6.4^ns	7.3^ns	0.80^ns	0.82^ns
50 g/L	59.2^*	76.3^ns	4.7^*	6.2^ns	4.9^*	7.1^ns	0.65^*	0.83^ns
70 g/L	51.5^*	73.4^ns	4.3^*	5.6^ns	5.0^*	6.7^ns	0.62^*	0.78^ns
Maltose
25 g/L	70.2^ns	74.8^ns	5.7^ns	5.5^ns	6.8^ns	7.2^ns	0.80^ns	0.79^ns
50 g/L	58.4^*	72.4^ns	4.9^*	6.4^ns	5.7^ns	7.0^ns	0.63^*	0.81^ns
70 g/L	55.5^*	78.9^ns	4.4^*	6.4^ns	5.3^*	7.0^ns	0.60^*	0.80^ns
LSD	11.28	13.90	0.99	1.34	1.20	0.87	0.150	0.148

All chlorophyll fluorescence values (Fv/Fm) mean of 30 leaf readings. All photosynthesis, chlorophyll, and carotenoid values are mean of two leaves on each of five trees.
LSD = least significant difference; ns = not significant,
↵* = P ≤ 0.05 (control versus sugar treatment mean within a column).