Table 2.

Means (standard deviation) for tree morphometric data, stress (σ), bending moment (M), cable tension (P), and modulus of rupture of wood samples (MOR) for stem and codominant failures.

VariableStem failuresCodominant failuresDifferencez
nMean (SD)nMean (SD)P
dbh (m)110.57 (0.16)130.69 (0.17)0.1072
Tree height (m)1118.0 (5.72)1216.5 (4.98)0.5303
Slenderness (height/dbh)1131.8 (7.62)1227.4 (12.4)0.3227
Crown height (m)  914.6 (3.00)  716.1 (2.03)0.2698
Crown width (m)  716.2 (3.87)  612.9 (4.66)0.1955
Block height/tree height110.53 (0.11)120.56 (0.12)0.5255
Stem volume (m3)116.90 (4.79)127.15 (2.88)0.8843
P(kN)1118.0 (11.6)1313.9 (7.28)0.2971
MFPy (kN*m)11110 (103)13137 (87.1)0.4989
MBHy (kN*m)11278 (209)13216 (104)0.3847
σFP (kPa)1151,193 (20,521)1325,230 (15,442)0.0029
σBH (kPa)1112,117 (5,816)137,138 (3,897)0.0280
MOR (kPa)1062,596 (11,287)1171,214 (22,764)0.3004
Distance to failure (m)113.12 (1.55)135.55 (2.15)0.0041
Diameter at failure (m)110.30 (0.15)130.45 (0.18)0.0433
Height of failure (m)116.00 (2.15)123.06 (3.09)0.0044
Diameter at failure/dbh110.53 (0.20)130.67 (0.27)0.1406
  • zP value refers to the probability that the given variable for both failure types is the same.

  • yThe subscript “FP” indicates that the measurement pertains to the point of failure; the subscript “BH” indicates that the measurement refers to breast height (1.4 m [4.6 ft] aboveground).

  • SD = standard deviation; dbh = diameter at breast height.