Attribute categories, mean % responses relative to control (Δ) with standard error estimates of mean (SE), effect sizes (d), and citations for response parameters used in this study.
| Response parameter | Attribute category | Δ | SE | d | Referencez |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| tree height | shoot growth | 14.8 | 14.2 | 0.5 | ACWa |
| tree diameter | shoot growth | 50.2 | 23.5 | 0.9 | ABCFXg |
| shoot increment | shoot growth | 46.8 | 34.8 | 0.6 | ACFPbg |
| shoot biomass | shoot growth | −8.0 | 43.0 | −0.1 | be |
| root density | root growth | 137.6 | 27.6 | 1.4 | DFILQRV |
| root biomass | root growth | 30.0 | 20.0 | 0.9 | We |
| survival | physiological | −3.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Z |
| germination | physiological | 169.0 | 227.0 | 0.4 | OS |
| root to shoot | physiological | 30.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | b |
| leaf color | physiological | 27.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | H |
| leaf biomass | physiological | −16.0 | 61.0 | −0.1 | bc |
| leaf stress | physiological | −37.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Z |
| leaf phosphorus | physiological | −41.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | H |
| leaf manganese | physiological | 9.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | U |
| photosynthesis | physiological | 18.5 | 13.5 | 0.8 | Yc |
| chlorophyll | physiological | 26.5 | 18.5 | 0.8 | Yc |
| water use efficiency | physiological | 13.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | c |
| transpiration | physiological | 22.0 | 6.1 | 1.6 | KMXcg |
| soil moisture | soil physical | 45.9 | 9.7 | 1.8 | ABDGIPT |
| soil temperature | soil physical | 13.3 | 5.4 | 0.9 | ABEGPTf |
| soil density | soil physical | 20.5 | 15.5 | 0.8 | HN |
| soil porosity | soil physical | 103.0 | 12.0 | 4.9 | Yd |
| soil nitrate | soil chemical | −33.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | J |
| soil potassium | soil chemical | 30.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | U |
| soil pH | soil chemical | 10.9 | 1.1 | 4.1 | HT |
| total SOM | soil chemical | 35.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | a |
| litter | soil biological | 158.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | a |
| particulate organic matter | soil biological | 120.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | a |
| carbon mineralization | soil biological | 38.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | a |
| mycorrhizae density | soil biological | 324.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | H |
| long wave radiation | environmental | −35.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | f |
| surface temperature | environmental | −38.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | M |
| air temperature | environmental | −15.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | M |
| evaporation | environmental | 44.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | K |
| weed density | environmental | 80.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | P |
| all | 44.8 | 9.1 | 0.6 | 79 |
↵zReference codes are identified in Table 1.