Table 1.

Species, specifications, soil types, and characteristics of organic materials for studies used in this meta-analysis.

Code	Date	Author(s)	Species (age, size, care, concerns, etc.)	Specifications	Soil type	Type^{^z}	Mode^{^y}
A	1982	Fraedrich & Ham	Acer rubrum and A. saccharinum	herbicide	sandy clay loam sandy loam	mulch	surface
B	1983	Litzow & Pellet	Fraxinus pennsylvanica	10 cm (dbh)	clay loam	mulch	surface
C	1988	Hensley et al.	Magnolia grandiflora	container 2 yr	Pope silt loam	mulch	surface
D	1988	Watson	Acer rubrum, A. platanoides, A. saccharum, Tilia cordata, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Quercus rubra, Q. palustris	open grown, 20 yr, herbicide	not specified	compost	surface
E	1988	Myers & Harrison	Viburnum opulus, Juniperus chinensis	container, wetting agent, fertilizer	sandy loam, perlite, peat	mulch	surface
F	1989	Green & Watson	Acer saccharum	bare root tillage	compacted clay subsoil	compost	surface
G	1990	Appleton et al.	Ilex crenata, Rhododendron obtusum, Acer rubrum	herbicide, fertilizer	Tetotum loam	mix	surface
H	1990	Himelick & Watson	Quercus alba	45–76 cm (dbh), fertilizer	not specified	mulch	surface
I	1991	Watson	not specifcied	not specified	not specified	mulch	surface
J	1991	Watson & Kupkowski	Acer saccharinum, Fraxinus pennsylvanica Gleditisia triacanthos, Malus spp.	15–58 cm (dbh)	not specified	mulch	deep surface
K	1992	Smith & Rakow	Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Malus spp.	bare root whips 0.9 m (ht)	sandy loam	mulch	surface
L	1992	Watson et al.	Fraxinus pennsylvanica	B&B, hole shapes	compacted clay subsoil	compost	backfill
M	1993	Zajicek	Lagerstroemia indica	1 yr, inground pots	66% fritted clay 33% peat-lite	mulch	surface
N	1994	Lichter & Lindsey	not applicable	fabric, compaction	silt loam	mulch	deep surface
O	1995	Duchesne & Clark	Thuga occidentalis	seeds	O-Ae-B horizons	mulch	surface
P	1995	Greenly & Radkow	Pinus strobus, Quercus palustris	bare root and B&B 3–5 cm (cal), Collamer silt 1.2–1.5 m (ht) loam		mulch	deep surface
Q	1995	Smalley & Wood	Acer rubrum	B&B 3 cm (cal)	Cecil sandy loam	mix	backfill
R	1996	Watson et al.	Quercus alba, Tilia spp., Platanus acerfolia	8.3, 9.1, 12.4 cm (dbh)	not specified	compost	backfill
S	1999	Duryea et al.	Lactuca spp.	seed	filter paper	mix	surface
T	1999	Foshee et al.	Carya illinoensis	container, fertilization	Cahaba fine sandy loam	mix	deep surface
U	1999	Iles & Dosman	Acer rubrum	bare root, 1.6–2.0 cm (cal), herbicide	Nicollet fine sandy loam	mulch	surface
V	2002	Watson	Quercus alba	79 cm (dbh)	not specified	compost	backfill
W	2004	Gilman	Quercus virginia	container, 5.1 cm (cal), irrigation	Milhopper fine sand	compost	backfill
X	2004	Gilman & Grabosky	Quercus virginia	6.5 cm (cal), herbicide	Milhopper fine sand	mulch	surface
Y	2005	Ferrini et al.	Quercus robur	B&B; 5 yr, 4.5 m (ht), 13 cm (dbh), fertilization	clay	compost	backfill
Z	2005	Arnold et al.	Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Koelreuteria bipinnata	126 cm (ht), 88 cm (ht), planting depth, fertilization	Bonnville fine sandy loam	mulch	deep surface
a	2006	Scharenbroch & Lloyd	various deciduous	2 to 7 m (ht)	Paulose silt loam	mulch	surface
b	2006	Roberts	Acer rubrum, Fraxinus pennsylvanica	plug seedlings, bare root, 2 yr, fertilization	not applicable	mix	backfill
c	2007	Ferrini & Baietto	Acer platanoides	B&B, 5 yr, 4.5 m (ht), 15 cm (dbh), covering type	clay loam	compost	surface
d	2007	Rivenshield & Bassuk	not applicable	compaction, wetting agent	sandy loam	clay loam	compost backfill
e	2007	Montague et al.	Lagerstroemia indica, Forsythia × intermedia, Spirea × vanhouttei, Photinia × fraseri	container, irrigation	Austin silty clay	mulch	surface
f	2008	Singer & Martin	not applicable	aridity	Rillito gravelly loam	mulch	surface
g	2008	Ferrini et al.	Tilia × europaea, Aesculus × carnea	B&B, 3 to 4 cm (dbh), herbicide	not specified	mulch	surface

↵^zMulch materials include: tree trimmings, wood chips, hay, chunk and shredded bark; composted materials include: food, humic acids, yard waste, leaves, grass clippings.
↵^ySurface applications are application of 0 to 10 cm; deep surface application are > 10 cm; backfill amendments applied below the surface.