Means (SE’s in parentheses) for relative breaking strengthz, breaking strength, and surface roughness of carabiners. For each comparison, read down a column, means followed by the same letter are not different (P > 0.05).
| Shape | Gate | Condition | N | Relative Breaking Strength (%) | Breaking Strength (kN) | Surface Roughness (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Am’D | Ball-Lock | New | 4 | 13.8 (1.79) a | 31.88 (0.50) a | 0.73 (0.04) a |
| Am’D | Ball-Lock | Used | 4 | 9.40 (3.54) a | 30.63 (0.99) a | 0.84 (0.25) a |
| Am’D | Tri-Act | New | 4 | 15.8 (2.61) a | 32.43 (0.73) a | 0.64 (0.05) a |
| Am’D | Tri-Act | Used | 6 | 13.7 (1.45) a | 31.83 (0.40) a | 0.52 (0.10) a |
| William | Ball-Lock | New | 3 | 17.7 (1.73) a | 29.43 (0.43) a | 0.85 (0.07) a |
| William | Ball-Lock | Used | 6 | 12.1 (1.56) by | 28.02 (0.39) by | 0.86 (0.13) a |
| William | Tri-Act | New | 5 | 21.8 (1.72) a | 30.46 (0.43) a | 0.69 (0.05) a |
| William | Tri-Act | Used | 5 | 19.3 (2.01) a | 29.82 (0.50) a | 0.83 (0.17) a |
| Am’D | — | New | 8 | 14.8 (1.51) a | 32.15 (0.42) a | 0.68 (0.03) a |
| William | — | New | 8 | 20.3 (1.39) b | 30.08 (0.35) b | 0.75 (0.05) a |
| Am’D | — | Used | 10 | 12.0 (1.69) a | 31.35 (0.47) a | 0.65 (0.12) a |
| William | — | Used | 11 | 15.3 (1.64) bx | 28.84 (0.41) b | 0.84 (0.10) a |
| — | Ball-Lock | New | 7 | 15.5 (1.40) a | 30.83 (0.59) a | 0.78 (0.04) a |
| — | Tri-Act | New | 9 | 19.2 (1.76) a | 31.33 (0.51) a | 0.67 (0.04) b |
| — | Ball-Lock | Used | 10 | 11.0 (1.63) a | 29.06 (0.60) a | 0.85 (0.12) a |
| — | Tri-Act | Used | 11 | 16.2 (1.44) b | 30.92 (0.44) b | 0.66 (0.10) a |