Table 2.

Means (standard deviation in parentheses) for variables of interest: force at the block (FB), tension in the rope (T), force at the block / mass of the piece or top (AccelFB), tension in the rope / mass of the piece or top (AccelT), mass, fall distance, fall factor, and stress. Read down a column, means followed by the same letter are not different (P > 0.05) by Tukey’s studentized range test.

PiecenFB (N)T (N)AccelFB (m/s2)AccelT (m/s2)Mass (kg)Fall Distance (m)Fall RatioLength of Piece (m)Stressz (kPa)Strain (mm/mm)
8,7833,34758.522.41527.400.566.279,2020.0021
Top13(4,303) a(1,734) a(9.22) a(5.19) a(72.7) a(1.38) a(0.10) a(1.00) a(6,433) a(0.0012) a
5,439 b2,15212348.245.53.470.301.834,1750.0009
113(1,960) b(819) b(24.0) b(8.80) bc(18.0) b(0.14) b(0.03) b(0.00) b(2,521) b(0.0005) b
7,0572,99112652.958.23.470.361.835,3880.0011
213(1,864) abc(1,110) abc(22.5) b(17.6) b(21.0)b(0.16) b(0.05) b(0.00) b(3,514) b(0.0004) b
7,2352,83511343.265.63.480.451.836,4370.0014
313(2,015) abc(1,014) abc(15.2) b(8.64) c(22.0) b(0.16) b(0.07) c(0.00) b(4,010) ab(0.0006) b
8,5923,40111547.177.13.460.581.836,5330.0014
412(2,526) ac(1,038) ac(22.4) b(7.40) c(25.3) b(0.15) b(0.10) a(0.00) b(4,231) ab(0.0006) b
  • zBecause stress was measured both normal and parallel to the direction of fall. the sample size was 25 (23 for piece 4 since one tree only had 3 pieces after the top).