Table 3.

Wood density of samples taken from different bifurcation types tested, by location. Letters (A, AB, B, and C) below the mean in each entry identify differences between these means across bifurcation type and location of xylem extraction, as identified by a GLM ANOVA with the sample volume as a covariate and post hoc Tukey test at a 5% confidence limit (F_13,357 = 93.94; R² = 78.09%; P < 0.001). Sample volume was not a significant factor in the differences found in wood density between groups (P = 0.509).

Bifurcation type	Wood density of extracted sample (Kg m⁻³), by location
Bifurcation type	Apex	Side	Stem
Normally formed	644.9 ± 4.3 SE	632.8 ± 5.8 SE	493.0 ± 6.9 SE
	A	A	C
	n = 36	n = 36	n = 36
Bark-included	N/A	628.6 ± 5.3 SE	490.9 ± 5.2 SE
		AB	C
		n = 57	n = 57
Newly drilled	N/A	628.9 ± 5.8 SE	488.7 ± 7.6 SE
		AB	C
		n = 30	n = 30
Pre-drilled	N/A	595.0 ± 4.7 SE	494.8 ± 12.2 SE
		B	C
		n = 19	n = 19
Pre-split	N/A	614.6 ± 5.7 SE	503.2 ± 22.5 SE
		AB	C
		n = 5	n = 5
Braced	619.9 ± 8.3 SE	619.9 ± 11.0 SE	480.0 ± 6.7 SE
	AB	AB	C
	n = 14	n = 14	n = 14