Table 3.

Estimated annual statewide expenditures, tree-related damage.

Cost category	$ 1,000s	se ($ 1,000s)	% subtotal	$/capita^z	$/tree^y
Direct repair costs
Sidewalk	23,123	9,536	53.5	0.72	3.67
Curb and gutter	11,811	2,604	27.3	0.37	1.87
Street pavement	8,314	1,254	19.2	0.26	1.32
Subtotal	43,248	9,964	100.0	1.34	6.86
Mitigation and prevention
Root prune	2,519	2,068	56.2	0.08	0.40
Barriers	677	176	15.1	0.02	0.11
Grind	599	539	13.4	0.02	0.10
Ramp/taper	332	218	7.4	0.01	0.05
Tree well eng./other	141	125	3.2	0.00	0.02
Width reduction	212	190	4.7	0.01	0.03
Subtotal	4,481	2,168	100.0	0.14	0.71
Trip and fall payments and legal staff
Claims payments	6,914	1,586	68.2	0.21	1.10
Legal staff	3,230	1,531	31.8	0.10	0.51
Subtotal	10,143	2,205	100.0	0.31	1.61
Tree removal and replacement
Removal	5,650	3,527	82.2	0.18	0.90
Replacement	1,223	805	17.8	0.04	0.19
Subtotal	6,872	3,618	100.0	0.21	1.09
Other costs
Inspection	2,168	580	36.6	0.07	0.34
Admininstration	3,749	1,148	63.4	0.12	0.60
Subtotal	5,917	1,286	100.0	0.18	0.94
Grand total	70,661	11,117		2.19	11.22

↵^z Assumes statewide population of 32,231,000 (California Department of Finance 1996).
↵^y Assumes statewide street tree population of 6,300,000 (Bernhardt and Swiecki 1993).