Topping status associated with the occurrence of cavities in excess of 30% bole diameter for most commonly occurring tree species in 4 southern Illinois communities. Percentage difference reflects the increased likelihood of bole cavity occurrence associated with topping. A † indicates a value significantly less than the mean species.
| Species | Topped trees with cavities (%) | Nontopped trees with cavities (%) | Percentage difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acer rubrum | 64 | 35 | 83 |
| A. saccharum | 60 | 37 | 62† |
| A. saccharinum | 62 | 32 | 94 |
| A. negundo | 57 | 21 | 171 |
| Fraxinus spp. | 42 | 13 | 223 |
| Gleditsia triacanthos | 42 | 17 | 147 |
| Juglans nigra | 44 | 5 | 780 |
| Juniperus virginiana | 0 | 1 | −100 |
| Liquidambar styraciflua | 10 | 36 | −72 |
| Malus spp. | 0 | 10 | −100 |
| Pinus strobus | 0 | 1 | −100 |
| Prunus serotina | 8 | 16 | −50 |
| Quercus palustris | 22 | 19 | 16 |
| Q. imbricaria | 39 | 26 | 50† |
| Ulmus americana | 31 | 14 | 121 |
| Total | 51 | 21 | 143 |