Table 2.

Site and vegetation traits associated with animal species abundance and richnessz.

Vegetation traitBirdsInsectsMammalsReptiles
Habitat structure (canopy cover, vertical diversity, tree and shrub density and diversity)XXXX
Larger and/or connected sitesXXX
Older, larger treesXXXX
Hollow treesXXXX
Woody debrisX
Moderately disturbed sitesX
Profusely flowering species with seasonal diversityX
Native vegetationyXX
Herbaceous/grass coverXXX
Permanent water sourceXXX
  • z The absence of an association means only that none were found in the literature surveyed.

  • y Specialists only.