Effect of nursery planting depth and root remediation at planting on bending stress required to winch maple to various trunk tiltsz four yearsy after planting in the landscape.
| Nursery planting depthx | Root remediation at planting | Bending stress to two degrees trunk tilt (MN/m2) | Bending stress to 5 degrees trunk tilt (MN/m2) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shallow | Yes | 12.4 aw | 20.1 ab |
| No | 11.6 ab | 19.0 ab | |
| Deep | Yes | 10.3 b | 17.7 b |
| No | 12.2 ab | 20.8 a |
↵z Depth × remediation interaction was insignificant (P = 0.11) for tilting to one degree; mean separation for three and four degrees tilt was identical to five degrees.
↵y There was no impact three and five years after planting.
↵x Shallow = topmost root 13 mm deep into 11.4 L (#3) and even with substrate surface into 57 L (#15) and 170 L (#45) container; deep = topmost root 64 mm deep into 11.4 and 57 L containers (128 mm deep total), and even into 170 L container.
↵w Means followed by a different letter within columns are statistically different at P < 0.05, n = 10, averaged over mulch treatment because three-way interaction with mulch was not significant (P > 0.07).