Table 4. Sturdiness (caliper/height) of trees grown for the first 2 years at Root’s Nursery in 9-cm (3.5-in.) shelters and at Nittany Trees in 9- and 18-cm (3.5- and 7-in.) shelters, compared to trees grown all 4 years without shelters (percentage of control).
Species, cultivarYears:SturdinessPercent
12341234
Root’s Nursery, 9 cm
Acer griseum0.070.130.15455475
Cercis canadensis0.090.170.21557485
Cornus ‘Celestial’0.090.130.14628490
Malus ‘Adirondack’0.080.120.156187107
Magnolia ‘Merrill’0.100.130.16605482
Magnolia stellata0.090.160.20385474
Syringa ‘Summer Snow’0.130.160.19516479
Nittany Trees, 9 cm
Carpinus caroliniana0.050.070.10694457
Cornus ‘Celestial’0.120.090.111025464
Cornus ‘Constellation’0.110.090.11925462
Magnolia stellata0.110.080.12964562
Prunus serrulata ‘Kwanzan’0.130.090.131035275
Prunus subhirtella autumnalis0.070.090.151015481
Nittany Trees, 18 cm
Carpinus caroliniana0.060.080.11805259
Cornus ‘Celestial’0.130.100.111105864
Cornus ‘Constellation’0.110.100.11936167
Magnolia stellata0.090.090.16795383
Prunus serrulata ‘Kwanzan’0.130.110.151026383
Prunus subhirtella autumnalis0.070.170.191045984
  • Metric equivalents: 1 ft = 30.5 cm.