PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Nelson, A.H. AU - Hudler, G.W. TI - A Summary of North American Hardwood Tree Diseases with Bleeding Canker Symptoms AID - 10.48044/jauf.2007.013 DP - 2007 Mar 01 TA - Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) PG - 122--131 VI - 33 IP - 2 4099 - http://auf.isa-arbor.com/content/33/2/122.short 4100 - http://auf.isa-arbor.com/content/33/2/122.full AB - Although the presence of bleeding cankers on deciduous trees may raise fears of the presence of Phytophthora ramorum, the cause of sudden oak death, other pathogens also cause similar symptoms. This review of hardwood tree diseases with bleeding canker symptoms provides an overview of available information of these diseases, providing a diagnosis guide as well as a stimulus for continued research in these areas.