PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
ED  - ,
TI  - Abstract
AID  - 10.48044/joa.1983.9.10.276
DP  - 1983 Oct 01
TA  - Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF)
PG  - 276--276
VI  - 9
IP  - 10
4099  - http://auf.isa-arbor.com/content/9/10/276.short
4100  - http://auf.isa-arbor.com/content/9/10/276.full
AB  - PARTYKA, R.E. 1983. Landscape. Weeds, Trees & Turf 22(5): 40, 44, 46, 50, 52, 56.Insect damage to woody ornamentals can vary from the subtle insignificant to widespread destruction that eventually results in death of plants. There are many plants included in the ornamental area with a varied assortment of insects on each species. This results in a relatively large number of insect pests that can be destructive to ornamentals. Fortunately, all of these insect pests do not appear at one time or in one year, as many of them are cyclic. Life cycles and general biology of the insects are important in determining sensible control strategies. Often times, early control materials can be used in reducing the pest and are safer to the applicator and environment. Treatment at the appropriate stage of development can result in good suppression with a safer material of relatively low toxicity. In some cases, reasonable control can only be obtained at a certain stage in the life cycle of the insect and this becomes critical if one is to obtain satisfactory results. Materials to use on a specific pest need to be determined based on research results, climatic conditions, size and age of the pest, plant reactions, equipment capabilities, area where the material is to be used, and effects on other forms of life. It should be understood that 100 percent control of a pest is not practical or possible. Shifting a delicate balance where and when it is needed is the prime aim of pest control. Therefore, many other factors need to be considered in maintaining strong healthy plants that are capable of withstanding a degree of insect injury but can recover in a short period of time with minimum visual symptoms and little impact on total plant vigor.