TY - JOUR T1 - An Introduction to Soils JF - Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) JO - JOA SP - 124 LP - 127 DO - 10.48044/jauf.1983.031 VL - 9 IS - 5 AU - Roger Funk Y1 - 1983/05/01 UR - http://auf.isa-arbor.com/content/9/5/124.abstract N2 - Soil is a dynamic and complex substance composed of mineral particles, organic matter, microflora and microfauna, and pore spaces that contain air, water and dissolved nutrients. Although soils vary widely due to differences in climate, parent materials, vegetation, relief and time, certain physical and chemical characteristics are common to all soils. Arborists should have a basic understanding of these characteristics in order to properly maintain trees and shrubs. ER -