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Research ArticleArticles

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in Tree Risk Assessment (TRA): A Systematic Review

Helmi Hamzah, Muhammad Hafiz Zainal and Muhammad Adam Zakaria
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) May 2025, jauf.2025.015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2025.015
Helmi Hamzah
Programme of Landscape Architecture, Department of Built Environment Studies and Technology, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perak Branch, Seri Iskandar Campus, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
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Muhammad Hafiz Zainal
Centre of Studies for Landscape Architecture, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia,
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Muhammad Adam Zakaria
Centre of Studies for Landscape Architecture, College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia,
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
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Article Figures & Data

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  • Figure 1.
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    Figure 1.

    The systematic literature review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) guidelines, ensuring a standardized and comprehensive approach to reporting and evaluating the included studies.

  • Figure 2.
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    Figure 2.

    The annual publication rates of articles incorporating ‘Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in tree risk assessment’ without any restrictions on publication years (n = 27).

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    Figure 3.

    Reporting the publication rates of climate categories, including the ± 95% confidence intervals for the proportions.

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    Figure 4.

    Reporting the publication rates, along with ± 95% confidence intervals, for the proportions of article types within categories.

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    Figure 5.

    Reporting the rates of focus area distribution among publications, including ± 95% confidence intervals for the proportions.

Tables

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    Table 1.

    Descriptors for the articles.

    Data markerData typeDescription
    Article IDNumericIdentification numbers, ranging from 1 to 27, were assigned to facilitate the cataloging of research throughout the review process.
    AuthorsTextAuthors’ names as listed in the article.
    YearDateYear of publication.
    TitleTextTitle of article.
    Journal titleTextJournal title of publication.
    Volume/issue/pagesNumericArticle’s volume, issue, and page numbers as listed in the publication.
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    Table 2.

    Geographical data for the articles. NA (not applicable); NS (not specified).

    Data markerData typeDescription
    Location for macro publicationCategorical1 = Malaysia
    2 = International (countries other than Malaysia)
    3 = Global (having a wide-ranging focus that doesn’t specify particular countries)
    CountryTextThe country of publication as indicated in the article.
    Region/stateTextPublication region/state as it appeared in the article.
    NA = Not applicable
    NS = Not specified
    City/townTextThe city or town of publication as mentioned in the article.
    NA = Not applicable
    NS = Not specified
    Climate categoryCategorical1 = Equatorial
    2 = Arid
    3 = Mediterranean
    4 = Temperate
    5 = Snow
    6 = Polar
    NA = Not applicable
    NS = Not specified
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    Table 3.

    Article type.

    Article typeData typeDescription
    Review articleCategorical1 = Yes
    0 = No
    Research articleCategorical1 = Yes
    0 = No
    Case studyCategorical1 = Yes
    0 = No
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    Table 4.

    Focus areas for the articles.

    Focus areasData typeDescription
    Plant pest and diseasesCategorical1 = Yes
    0 = No
    Plant stressCategorical1 = Yes
    0 = No
    Plant threatsCategorical1 = Yes
    0 = No
    3D tree modelingCategorical1 = Yes
    0 = No
    Ecosystem degradationCategorical1 = Yes
    0 = No
    Plant characteristicsCategorical1 = Yes
    0 = No
    Unreachable zoneCategorical1 = Yes
    0 = No
    OtherCategorical1 = Yes
    0 = No
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    Table 5.

    Correlation coefficients used to assess trends among the article focus areas within the testing group.

    Plant pest/diseasesPlant stressPlant threats3D tree modelingEcosystem degradationPlant characteristicsUnreachable zone
    Plant pest and diseases1.000
    Plant stress0.9631.000
    Plant threats0.9430.9801.000
    3D tree modeling0.9430.9801.0001.000
    Ecosystem degradation–0.343–0.356–0.250–0.2501.000
    Plant characteristics0.9430.9801.0001.000–0.2501.000
    Unreachable zone–0.343–0.134–0.250–0.250–0.250–0.2501.000
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Arboriculture & Urban Forestry: 51 (4)
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF)
Vol. 51, Issue 4
July 2025
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Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in Tree Risk Assessment (TRA): A Systematic Review
Helmi Hamzah, Muhammad Hafiz Zainal, Muhammad Adam Zakaria
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) May 2025, jauf.2025.015; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2025.015

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Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in Tree Risk Assessment (TRA): A Systematic Review
Helmi Hamzah, Muhammad Hafiz Zainal, Muhammad Adam Zakaria
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) May 2025, jauf.2025.015; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2025.015
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Tree Risk Assessment (TRA) Practice and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Technology
    • Materials and Methods
    • Metadata
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Conclusions
    • Conflicts of Interest
    • Acknowledgements
    • Literature Cited
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Keywords

  • Risk Assessment
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  • Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

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