Growth of Oak Seedlings with Specific Ectomycorrhizae in Urban Stress Environments

Article Figures & Data

Table 1

Ectomycorrhizal development on container grown sawtooth and pin oak seedlings immediately prior to outplanting.

Seedling no.	Pisolithus tinctorius (Pt)	Inocuated with Telephora terrestris (Tt)	Naturally inoculated
Sawtooth oaks
1	60 + 5 = 65^{^a}	40^{^b}	10^{^b}
2	70 + 0 = 90	40	15
3	90 + 0 = 70	50	5
4	40 + 10 = 50	65	5
5	4 + 10 = 50	45	5
6	70 + 5 = 75	40	0
7	80 + 0 = 80	65	10
8	40 + 15 = 55	35	20
9	70 + 5 = 75	60	10
10	60 + 5 = 65	55	10
X	62 + 6 = 68	50	10
Pin oaks
1	5 + 20 = 25^{^a}	——^{^c}	15^{^b}
2	60 + 0 = 60	——	20
3	5 + 10 = 15	——	20
4	20 + 5 = 25	——	20
5	40 + 5 = 45	——	10
6	10 + 20 = 30	——	10
7	50 + 5 = 55	——	20
8	30 + 0 = 30	——	10
9	40 + 10 = 50	——	10
10	10 + 10 = 20	——	10
X	27 + 9 = 36	——	15

↵a First number is percent of feeder roots with Pt ectomycorrhizae, the second number is percent of feeder roots with naturally occurring ectomycorrhizae, and the last number is the total ectomycorrhizal development.
↵b Since Tt and natural ectomycorrhizae appear the same to the unaided eye, only an estimate of percent feeder roots infected is possible. We must assume that a certain percent of ectomycorrhizae on the Tt seedlings are from natural sources.
↵c The development of Tt ectomycorrhizae on pin oak was so poor that these analyses were not undertaken and the condition was dropped.

Table 2 Survival rates and mean height and diameter of seedlings.^{^a}

Species and treatment cm cm	Height percent	1981 Diameter cm	Survival^{^b}cm	Height^{^c} percent	1982 Diameter^{^c} percent	Survival^{^b}
Sawtooth Oak
Pt	44.0	.42	82	59.5	.85	69
Tt	45.4	.42	73	49.8	.59	40
Control	41.5	.38	64	51.3	.62	47
Pin Oak
Pt	35.9	.56	77	50.1	.96	68
Control	36.8	.57	75	46.1	.85	66

↵a Height and diameter values include only seedlings surviving unmowed to March, 1982. Survival figures include only unmowed trees surviving in each year.
b Pt significantly enhanced survival for sawtooth oak in 1981 (X² = 8.26, p .02) and in 1982 (X² = 15.35, p .001).
c Between 1981 and 1982, Pt treated sawtooth oak seedlings grew significantly more in height (F = 16.16, p .001) and diameter (F = 15.20, p .001) than Tt and control seedlings. Pin oak seedlings treated with Pt also grew significantly more in height (F = 11.28, p .01) and diameter (F = 14.20, p .005).