Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Year one. Sugar maple displaying initial symptoms of maple decline.
- Figure 2.
Year two. Advanced symptoms of maple decline. Tree fertilized with high nitrogen, complete fertilizer.
- Figure 3.
Year four. Two years after initial fertilization, sugar maple has lush, green foliage, good growth and no further dieback.
- Figure 4.
Manganese trunk injection elicited irregular response.
Tables
Nutrient nutrient source Elemental nitrogen urea 8.5% potassium potassium sulfate 15.0% phosphorus mono-sodium phosphate 21.0% calcium calcium acetate & calcium chloride 9.5% magnesium magnesium sulfate 4.0% manganese manganese sulfate 3.4% iron ferrous sulfate 2.2% zinc zinc sulfate 1.3% copper copper sulfate 0.9% boron boric acid 0.6% - Table 2.
Average color improvement to trunk- and branch-applied manganese treatments and soil-applied fertilizer.
Trunk Study Treatment number No. of trees Average Leaf Color rating Color improvement Significant difference level of confidence 1978 1979 1 3 3.6 3.6 0.0 — 2 5 6.0 5.4 0.6 65% 3 4 N/A N/A N/A N/A 4 3 4.3 4.0 0.3 90% 5 3 5.0 4.6 0.3 60% 6 3 6.6 5.0 1.6 75% 7 4 4.0 2.0 2.0 80% 8 4 5.2 3.2 2.0 85% 9 4 6.0 5.6 0.3 90% 10 4 6.7 5.0 1.7 75% 11 3 6.3 4.3 2.0 95% 12 3 2.3 2.3 0.0 — Branch Study 1 3 6 6.0 0.0 — 2 3 6 6.0 0.0 — 3 3 6 6.0 0.0 — 4 3 6 6.0 0.0 — 5 3 6 6.0 0.0 — 6 3 7 3.3 3.3 95% 7 3 7 3.0 4.0 90% 8 3 7 3.6 3.3 95% 9 3 7 3.6 3.3 95% 10 3 7 3.6 3.3 95% 11 3 7 3.6 3.3 95% 12 3 7 7.0 0.0 — * Color rating on a scale of 1 to 10, with 1 representing dark green leaves and 10 representing chlorotic, undersized, and scorched leaves.
N/A = Not available
- Table 3.
Average nutrient level (ppm) of healthy (color rating 1 and 2) and chlorotic (color rating 9 and 10) sugar maple leaves.
Element (PPm) Trunk Study Branch Study Healthy (13)* Chlorotic (5)* Difference in nutrient level Significant difference level of confidence Healthy (5)* Chlorotic (5)* Difference in nutrient level Significant difference level of confidence phosphorus 1653. 1152.9 500.1 95 % 1746.8 1574. 172.8 70% potassium 4689. 4268.4 421. 75 % 9002.8 6260.4 2742.1 99% calcium 13341. 7807.8 5533.2 97.5% 10269. 8743. 1526. 75% magnesium 2006. 1316.8 689.2 97.5% 1340. 1107.2 232.8 80% sodium 13.2 362.6 -349.3 90 % 12.1 487.1 -475. 80% manganese 96.5 29.3 67.1 99 % 148.1 117.2 30.8 60% iron 166.4 52.6 113.7 80 % 49.5 48.4 1.0 60% boron 59. 35.1 23.8 99 % 58.0 38.2 19.7 95% copper 2.6 2.7 -0.0 0 % 3.5 2.2 1.2 85% zinc 15.8 12.8 2.9 85 % 12.6 9.7 2.8 97% aluminum 25.5 38.4 -12.9 90 % 28.1 29.5 -1.4 75% strontium 18 12.6 5.3 90 % 9.8 5.9 3.9 90% barium 11.6 5.9 5.6 97.5% 5.4 4.4 1.0 80% ↵* Number in parenthesis indicates number of samples.
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