Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Trees at the Hørsholm Arboretum in Denmark in 2019. All trees were planted in 2001.
- Figure 2.
The plant area index (PAI) and wood area index (WAI) of 64 species of trees. Bars represent the SE of the mean from 4 readings (N, E, S, W) from each crown. The vertical dotted line represents the mean of all the WAI, and the vertical dashed line represents the mean of all the PAI.
- Figure 3.
The plant area index (PAI) and wood area index (WAI) of 8 genera that were represented by 2 or more species at the arboretum. Bars represent the SE of the mean. The vertical dotted line represents the mean of all the WAI, and the vertical dashed line represents the mean of all the PAI. Numbers in [x] indicate the number of species within this analysis represented in the genera. Uppercase letters indicate where significant differences (P < 0.05) occur between the WAI of genera. Lowercase letters indicate where significant differences occur between the PAI of genera.
- Figure 4.
The plant area index (PAI) and wood area index (WAI) of cultivars represented by Acer and Tilia, grouped by species. Bars represent the SE of the mean from 4 readings (N, E, S, W) from each crown. Uppercase letters indicate where significant differences (P < 0.05) occur between the WAI of the cultivars within the species panel. Lowercase letters indicate where significant differences occur between the PAI of the cultivars within the species panel.
Tables
- Table 1.
The attributes of all measured trees at the Hørsholm Arboretum in Denmark showing species, year of establishment, trunk diameter at breast height (DBH)(cm), total height of the tree (m), height of canopy (m), and canopy diameter (m).
Species Planted DBH (cm)† Tree height (m)‡ Canopy height (m)§ Canopy diameter (m) Acer campestre 2001 18.79 8.4 6.0 6.95 Acer campestre ‘Elsrijk’ 2001 11.78 7.8 5.8 3.375 Acer campestre ‘Kuglennar’ 2001 18.23 4.7 2.5 3.66 Acer negundo 2001 15.92 8.0 6.2 5.65 Acer platanoides 2001 15.61 7.3 5.0 6.125 Acer platanoides ‘Columnare’ 2001 21.34 11.5 9.5 6.96 Acer platanoides ‘Emerald Queen’ 2001 17.20 11.0 8.9 6.025 Acer platanoides ‘Fassens Black’ 2001 16.79 11.0 8.9 5.725 Acer platanoides ‘Globosum’ 2001 13.69 5.0 2.7 4.525 Acer pseudoplatanus 2001 15.92 8.0 6.2 5.285 Acer pseudoplatanus ‘Negenia’ 2001 10.19 6.7 4.7 3.71 Acer pseudoplatanus ‘Rotterdam’ 2001 17.83 13.0 10.5 4.71 Acer rubrum 2001 11.78 11.5 9.3 4.37 Acer saccharinum 2001 26.11 15.0 12.8 6.42 Aesculus × carnea ‘Briotii’ 2001 14.65 7.3 5.5 5.345 Aesculus hippocastanum 2001 21.97 8.0 6.1 5.29 Aesculus hippocastanum ‘Baumannii’ 2001 19.11 8.0 5.8 4.875 Ailanthus altissima 2004 12.74 6.5 4.1 3.815 Alnus glutinosa 2001 11.46 10.0 7.0 3.74 Alnus × spaethii 2001 12.12 10.2 8.3 5.10 Carpinus betulus 2001 13.69 8.0 6.7 5.21 Carpinus betulus ‘Fastigiata’ 2001 15.61 9.0 7.9 4.675 Castanea sativa 2001 22.93 8.3 6.4 6.04 Corylus colurna 2001 12.42 8.1 6.0 2.745 Fagus sylvatica 2001 10.83 7.8 6.3 4.65 Fraxinus americana ‘Zundert’ 2001 14.33 9.0 6.8 4.365 Fraxinus angustifolia ‘Raywood’ 2001 19.75 14.5 11.6 5.57 Fraxinus excelsior ‘Robusta’ 2001 19.43 10.0 8.0 5.02 Fraxinus excelsior ‘Westhof’s Glorie’ 2001 16.24 8.8 6.9 4.515 Fraxinus ornus 2001 15.24 8.4 6.3 4.4 Metasequoia glyptostroboides 2001 11.15 8.2 7.1 2.275 Platanus acerifolia 2001 17.20 11.0 9.0 5.545 Populus canescens ‘De Moffart’ 2001 44.27 17.0 15.0 14.435 Populus trichocarpa ‘OP42’ 2001 36.31 20.0 18.5 8.43 Populus trichocarpa ‘Poca’ 2001 36.94 20.0 17.8 7.67 Pyrus caucasica 2001 13.38 8.2 6.0 4.625 Pyrus communis ‘Beech Hill’ 2001 19.11 10.0 8.1 7.96 Quercus cerris 2001 22.93 14.0 11.9 6.26 Quercus frainetto 2001 17.20 9.5 7.5 3.49 Quercus palustris 2001 16.88 9.3 7.2 6.9 Quercus petraea 2001 17.52 9.3 7.4 5.14 Quercus robur 2001 19.11 8.8 6.8 6.31 Quercus robur ‘Fastigiata’ 2001 16.24 9.1 7.9 1.72 Quercus rubra 2001 20.38 9.0 7.7 5.64 Robinia pseudoacacia 2001 23.57 11.3 9.1 7.55 Robinia pseudoacacia ‘Nyirsegi’ 2001 23.57 13.0 10.7 7.56 Robinia pseudoacacia ‘Umbraculifera’ 2001 13.06 8.1 5.8 3.60 Salix alba 2001 28.98 16.0 13.9 6.08 Salix alba ‘Liempde’ 2001 31.85 18.0 15.8 6.80 Salix alba ‘Saba’ 2001 33.44 18.0 15.8 6.82 Salix alba ‘Sibirica’ 2001 23.57 8.1 6.3 6.66 Styphnolobium japonicum 2001 19.75 6.7 4.7 6.12 Styphnolobium japonicum ‘Regent’ 2001 20.38 8.3 6.3 7.13 Tilia cordata 2001 19.11 7.3 5.1 6.27 Tilia cordata ‘Erecta’ 2001 20.70 8.0 6.0 5.37 Tilia cordata ‘Greenspire’ 2001 17.83 8.9 6.9 5.49 Tilia cordata ‘Rancho’ 2001 15.29 8.0 6.1 4.67 Tilia × euchlora 2001 15.61 7.8 5.8 5.29 Tilia × euchlora ‘Frigg’ 2001 16.56 8.3 6.6 4.81 Tilia × europaea ‘Pallida’ 2001 14.97 8.0 6.2 4.09 Tilia platyphyllos 2001 21.34 9.1 7.4 6.63 Tilia platyphyllos ‘Fenris’ 2001 12.74 7.1 5.1 3.98 Tilia platyphyllos ‘Orebro’ 2001 18.15 10 8.0 5.15 Tilia platyphyllos ‘Rubra’ 2001 21.66 8.2 6.2 6.69 Species/cultivar PAI PAI SE WAI WAI SE Acer campestre 5.03 0.35 1.21 0.03 Acer campestre ‘Elsrijk’ 5.79 0.48 1.02 0.15 Acer campestre ‘Kuglennar’ 8.15 0.14 1.21 0.18 Acer negundo 4.91 0.61 1.21 0.18 Acer platanoides 4.98 0.20 0.98 0.21 Acer platanoides ‘Columnare’ 6.26 0.10 1.27 0.19 Acer platanoides ‘Emerald Queen’ 4.93 0.18 0.65 0.01 Acer platanoides ‘Fassens Black’ 5.05 0.49 0.50 0.01 Acer platanoides ‘Globosum’ 7.02 0.24 1.77 0.11 Acer pseudoplatanus 4.07 0.14 0.64 0.07 Acer pseudoplatanus ‘Negenia’ 5.52 0.26 0.55 0.10 Acer pseudoplatanus ‘Rotterdam’ 4.07 0.29 0.75 0.03 Acer rubrum 2.20 0.02 0.91 0.18 Acer saccharinum 5.73 0.11 1.04 0.19 Aesculus carnea ‘Briotii’ 4.71 0.35 0.73 0.04 Aesculus hippocastanum 5.32 0.20 0.63 0.05 Aesculus hippocastanum ‘Baumannii’ 5.85 0.09 0.71 0.09 Ailanthus altissima 2.46 0.12 0.45 0.04 Alnus glutinosa 2.88 0.25 1.14 0.08 Alnus × spaethii 3.21 0.12 1.02 0.07 Carpinus betulus 6.25 0.28 1.39 0.19 Carpinus betulus ‘Fastigiata’ 3.77 0.23 1.94 0.09 Castanea sativa 4.71 0.33 1.20 0.14 Corylus colurna 5.64 0.55 1.46 0.19 Fagus sylvatica 5.79 0.56 1.43 0.21 Fraxinus americana ‘Zundert’ 5.80 0.15 0.83 0.04 Fraxinus angustifolia ‘Raywood’ 1.93 0.05 1.07 0.11 Fraxinus excelsior ‘Robusta’ 2.18 0.14 0.84 0.10 Fraxinus excelsior ‘Westhof’s Glorie’ 2.44 0.23 0.85 0.09 Fraxinus ornus 2.96 0.14 0.98 0.03 Metasequoia glyptostroboides 3.72 0.28 1.11 0.09 Platanus × acerifolia 2.43 0.09 1.04 0.13 Populus canescens ‘De Moffart’ 4.85 0.10 1.30 0.09 Populus trichocarpa ‘OP42’ 3.90 0.12 0.98 0.04 Populus trichocarpa ‘Poca’ 5.17 0.35 1.17 0.08 Pyrus caucasia 3.04 0.08 1.17 0.07 Pyrus communis ‘Beech Hill’ 2.44 0.32 0.97 0.03 Quercus cerris 2.76 0.14 1.12 0.06 Quercus frainetto 3.79 0.46 0.85 0.07 Quercus palustris 4.44 0.15 1.31 0.10 Quercus petraea 4.69 0.11 1.09 0.12 Quercus robur 4.25 0.29 0.95 0.18 Quercus robur ‘Fastigiata’ 3.69 0.34 1.84 0.05 Quercus rubra 4.62 0.18 0.99 0.04 Robinia pseudoacacia 5.95 0.27 0.66 0.05 Robinia pseudoacacia ‘Nyirsegi’ 2.67 0.20 0.72 0.10 Robinia pseudoacacia ‘Umbraculifera’ 7.41 0.12 1.24 0.15 Salix alba 3.10 0.36 0.56 0.12 Salix alba ‘Liempde’ 3.14 0.22 0.53 0.03 Salix alba ‘Saba’ 4.18 0.16 0.69 0.07 Salix alba ‘Sibirica’ 4.20 0.25 1.18 0.09 Styphnolobium japonicum 5.82 0.07 0.41 0.07 Styphnolobium japonicum ‘Regent’ 2.29 0.10 0.86 0.12 Tilia cordata 7.07 0.13 0.52 0.12 Tilia cordata ‘Erecta’ 6.04 0.20 0.53 0.08 Tilia cordata ‘Greenspire’ 4.52 0.20 0.50 0.06 Tilia cordata ‘Rancho’ 4.50 0.18 0.67 0.04 Tilia × euchlora 5.72 0.36 0.46 0.03 Tilia × euchlora ‘Frigg’ 6.51 0.46 0.39 0.02 Tilia × europaea ‘Pallida’ 4.85 0.30 0.52 0.07 Tilia platyphyllos 5.88 0.17 0.67 0.09 Tilia platyphyllos ‘Fenris’ 7.34 0.18 0.35 0.06 Tilia platyphyllos ‘Orebro’ 6.28 0.60 0.32 0.04 Tilia platyphyllos ‘Rubra’ 5.65 0.17 0.43 0.07 Genus PAI PAI SE WAI WAI SE Acer 5.26 0.20 1.00 0.06 Aesculus 5.29 0.19 0.69 0.04 Ailanthus 2.46 0.12 0.45 0.04 Alnus 3.04 0.14 1.08 0.05 Carpinus 5.01 0.50 1.66 0.14 Castanea 4.71 0.33 1.20 0.14 Corylus 5.64 0.55 1.46 0.19 Fagus 5.79 0.56 1.43 0.21 Fraxinus 3.06 0.33 0.91 0.04 Metasequoia 3.72 0.28 1.11 0.09 Platanus 2.43 0.09 1.04 0.13 Populus 4.64 0.20 1.15 0.05 Pyrus 2.74 0.19 1.07 0.05 Quercus 4.03 0.15 1.14 0.06 Robinia 5.35 0.61 0.87 0.10 Salix 3.65 0.18 0.74 0.08 Styphnolobium 4.05 0.67 0.63 0.10 Tilia 5.85 0.16 0.49 0.02
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