Utilizing a Thermal Time Model to Estimate Safe Times to Transplant Tilia Trees

LITERATURE CITED

1. 1. Bühler,
   2. O.,
   3. P. Kristoffersen, and
   4. S.U. Larsen

   . 2007. Growth of street trees in Copenhagen with emphasis on the effect of different establishment concepts. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 33(5):330–337.

   OpenUrl
2. ↵
   1. Chmielewski, F.M.,
   2. S. Heider,
   3. S. Moryson, and
   4. E. Bruns

   . 2013. International Phenological Observation Networks: Concept of IPG and GPM. In Phenology: An Integrative Environmental Science (pp. 137–153). Springer Netherlands.
3. ↵
   1. Chmielewski, F.M., and
   2. K.P. Götz

   . 2016. Performance of models for the beginning of sweet cherry blossom under current and changed climate conditions. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 218–219:85–91.

   OpenUrl
4. ↵
   1. Dee, D.P.,
   2. S.M. Uppala,
   3. A.J. Simmons,
   4. P. Berrisford,
   5. P. Poli,
   6. S. Kobayashi,
   7. U. Andrae,
   8. M.A. Balmaseda,
   9. G. Balsamo,
   10. P. Bauer,
   11. P. Bechtold,
   12. A.C.M. Beljaars,
   13. L. van de Berg,
   14. J. Bidlot,
   15. N. Bormann,
   16. C. Delsol,
   17. R. Dragani,
   18. M. Fuentes,
   19. A.J. Geer,
   20. L. Haimberger,
   21. S.B. Healy,
   22. H. Hersbach,
   23. E.V. Hólm,
   24. L. Isaksen,
   25. P. Kållberg,
   26. M. Köhler,
   27. M. Matricardi,
   28. A.P. McNally,
   29. B.M. Monge-Sanz,
   30. J.J. Morcrette,
   31. B.K. Park,
   32. C. Peubey,
   33. P. de Rosnay,
   34. C. Tavolato,
   35. J.N. Thépaut, and
   36. F. Vitart

   . 2011. The ERA-Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system. Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc. 137:553–597.

   OpenUrlCrossRef
5. ↵
   1. Eaton, G.K., and
   2. B.L. Appleton

   . 2009. Getting Started in the Nursery Business: Nursery Production Options. Virginia cooperative extension publication. 430-050.
6. ↵
   1. Hänninen,
   2. H.

   1990. Modeling bud dormancy release in trees from cool and temperate regions. Acta For. Fenn. 213:1–47.

   OpenUrl
7. ↵
   1. Huttunen, L., and
   2. J. Soveri

   . 1993. Luonnontilaisen roudan alueellinen ja ajallinen vaihtelu Suomessa. (In Finnish). Vesi- ja ympäristöhallinnon julkaisuja - Sarja A 139. <https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/156324>
8. ↵
   1. Lindqvist, H.

   2001. Effect of different lifting dates and different lengths of cold storage on plant vitality of silver birch and common oak. Scientia Horticulturae 88(2):147–161.

   OpenUrl
9. ↵
   1. Linkosalo, T.,
   2. T.R. Carter,
   3. R. Häkkinen, and
   4. P. Hari

   . 2000. Predicting spring phenology and frost damage risk of Betula sp. under climatic warming: a comparison of two models. Tree Physiology 20:1175–1182.

   OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
10. ↵
    1. Linkosalo, T., and
    2. M.J. Lechowicz

    . 2006. Twilight far-red treatment advances leaf bud-burst of silver birch (Betula pendula). Tree Physiology 26:1249–1256.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
11. ↵
    1. Linkosalo, T.,
    2. H.K. Lappalainen, and
    3. P. Hari

    . 2008. A comparison of phenological models of leaf bud burst and flowering of boreal trees using independent observations. Tree Physiology 28:1873–1882

    OpenUrlPubMed
12. ↵
    1. McKay, H.M.

    1997. A review of the effect of stresses between lifting and planting on nursery stock quality and performance. New Forests 13(1–3):369–399.

    OpenUrl
13. ↵
    1. Pauleit, S.,
    2. N. Jones,
    3. G. Garcia-Martin,
    4. J.L. Garcia-Valdecantos,
    5. L.M. Rivière, and
    6. T.B. Randrup

    . 2002. Tree establishment practice in towns and cities–Results from a European survey. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 1(2):83–96.

    OpenUrl
14. ↵
    1. Pirinen, P.,
    2. S. Simola,
    3. J. Aalto,
    4. J.P. Kaukoranta,
    5. P. Karlsson, and
    6. R. Ruuhela

    . 2012. Tilastoja Suomen Ilmastosta 1981–2010 (Climatological statistics of Finland 1981–2010, In Finnish). Finnish Meteorological Institute Reports, Helsinki. <https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/35880>
15. ↵
    1. Pryor, M., and
    2. G. Watson

    . 2016. Mature tree transplanting: Science supports best management practice. Arboricultural Journal 38(1):2–27.

    OpenUrl
16. ↵
    1. Richardson-Calfee,
    2. L.E., and
    3. J.R. Harris

    . 2005. A review of the effects of transplant timing on landscape establishment of field-grown deciduous trees in temperate climates. HortTechnology 15(1):132–135.

    OpenUrl
17. ↵
    1. Sæbø,
    2. A.,
    3. T. Benedikz, and
    4. T.B. Randrup

    . 2003. Selection of trees for urban forestry in the Nordic countries. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 2(2): 101–114.

    OpenUrl
18. ↵
    1. Schaber J., and
    2. F.W. Badeck

    . 2003. Physiology-based phenology models for forest tree species in Germany. International Journal of Biometeorology 47:193–201.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
19. ↵
    1. Siljamo, P.,
    2. M. Sofiev,
    3. E. Filatova,
    4. L. Grewling,
    5. S. Jäger,
    6. E. Khoreva,
    7. T. Linkosalo,
    8. S. Ortega Jimenez,
    9. H. Ranta,
    10. A. Rantio-Lehtimäki,
    11. A. Svetlov,
    12. L. Veriankaite,
    13. E. Yakovleva, and
    14. J. Kukkonen

    . 2013. A numerical model of birch pollen emission and dispersion in the atmosphere. Model evaluation and sensitivity analysis. International Journal of Biometeorology 57:125–136.

    OpenUrl
20. 1. Sjöman,
    2. H.,
    3. J. Östberg, and
    4. O. Bühler

    . 2012. Diversity and distribution of the urban tree population in ten major Nordic cities. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 11(1):31–39.

    OpenUrl
21. ↵
    1. Solfjeld, I., and
    2. O.B. Hansen

    . 2004. Post-transplant growth of five deciduous Nordic tree species as affected by transplanting date and root pruning. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 2(3):129–137.

    OpenUrl
22. ↵
    1. Soveri, J., and
    2. M. Varjo

    . 1977. Roudan muodostumisesta ja esiintymisestä Suomessa vuosina 1955-1975. Vesihallitus. (In Finnish)
23. ↵
    1. Wallach, D., and
    2. B. Goffinet

    . 1987. Mean squared error of prediction in models for studying ecological and agronomic systems. Biometrics 43:561–573.

    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science