Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Home
  • Content
    • Ahead of Print
    • Current Issue
    • Special Issues
    • All Issues
  • Contribute
    • Submit to AUF
    • Author Guidelines
    • Reviewer Guidelines
  • About
    • Overview
    • Editorial Board
    • Journal Metrics
    • International Society of Arboriculture
  • More
    • Contact
    • Feedback
  • Alerts

User menu

  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry
  • Log in
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Content
    • Ahead of Print
    • Current Issue
    • Special Issues
    • All Issues
  • Contribute
    • Submit to AUF
    • Author Guidelines
    • Reviewer Guidelines
  • About
    • Overview
    • Editorial Board
    • Journal Metrics
    • International Society of Arboriculture
  • More
    • Contact
    • Feedback
  • Alerts
  • Facebook
  • Twitter
  • YouTube
  • LinkedIn
Research ArticleArticles

Nonnative, Noninvasive Woody Species Can Enhance Urban Landscape Biodiversity

Linda Chalker-Scott
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) July 2015, 41 (4) 173-186; DOI: https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2015.017
Linda Chalker-Scott
Linda Chalker-Scott, Washington State University, Puyallup Research and Extension Center, 2606 W. Pioneer, Puyallup, Washington 98371, U.S.,
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF
Loading

LITERATURE CITED

  1. ↵
    1. Adhikari, Y.P.,
    2. A. Fischer, and
    3. H.S. Fischer
    . 2012a. Micro-site conditions of epiphytic orchids in a human impact gradient in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Journal of Mountain Science 9:331–342.
    OpenUrl
  2. ↵
    1. Adhikari, Y.P.,
    2. H.S. Fischer, and
    3. A. Fischer
    . 2012b. Host tree utilization by epiphytic orchids in different land-use intensities in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Plant Ecology 213:1393–1412.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  3. ↵
    1. Akinnifesi, F.K.,
    2. G.W. Sileshi,
    3. O.C. Ajayi,
    4. A.I. Akinnifesi,
    5. E.G. de Moura,
    6. J.F.P. Linhares, and
    7. I. Rodrigues
    . 2010. Biodiversity of the urban homegardens of So Luis City, Northeastern Brazil. Urban Ecosystems 13:129–146.
    OpenUrl
  4. ↵
    1. Andrade-Núñez,
    2. M.J., and
    3. T.M. Aide
    . 2010. Effects of habitat and landscape characteristics on medium and large mammal species richness and composition in northern Uruguay. Zoologia 27:909–917.
    OpenUrl
  5. ↵
    1. Antunes, H.A.,
    2. L.A. Nunes,
    3. J.W.P. daSilva, and
    4. L.C. Marchini
    . 2012. Native bees (Apidae: Meliponina) and their floral resources in a part of a forest located in urban areas. Magistra 24:7–14.
    OpenUrl
  6. ↵
    1. Atchison, K.A., and
    2. A.D. Rodewald
    . 2006. The value of urban forests to wintering birds. Natural Areas Journal 26:280–288.
    OpenUrl
  7. ↵
    1. Basham, R.,
    2. B. Law, and
    3. P. Banks
    . 2011. Microbats in a ‘leafy’ urban landscape: Are they persisting, and what factors influence their presence? Austral Ecology 36:663–678.
    OpenUrl
  8. ↵
    1. Blair, R.B.
    1996. Land use and avian species diversity along an urban gradient. Ecological Applications 6:506–519.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  9. ↵
    1. Blanchon, D.,
    2. J. Pusateri,
    3. M. Galbraith, and
    4. S. Thorpe
    . 2011. Sampling indigenous ground-living beetles in a stand of nonnative tree privet (Ligustrum lucidum) in New Zealand raises new management questions. Ecological Management & Restoration 12:234–236.
    OpenUrl
  10. ↵
    1. Bonnington, C.,
    2. K.J. Gaston, and
    3. K.L. Evans
    . 2014. Squirrels in suburbia: Influence of urbanization on the occurrence and distribution of a common exotic mammal. Urban Ecosystems 17:533–546.
    OpenUrl
  11. ↵
    1. Borges Júnior, N.F.,
    2. G.A. Machado, and
    3. L.D. Battirola
    . 2011. Coprophagous Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera) in fragments of native vegetation (Cerrado) in the urban perimeter of Catalão, Goiás (Brazil). Acta Biológica Paranaense 40:73–85.
    OpenUrl
  12. ↵
    1. Brearley, G.,
    2. A. Bradley,
    3. S. Bell, and
    4. C. McAlpine
    . 2011. Change in habitat resources and structure near urban edges and its influence on the squirrel glider (Petaurus norfolcensis) in southeast Queensland, Australia. Austral Ecology 36:425–432.
    OpenUrl
  13. ↵
    1. Brown, G.W.,
    2. J.W. Dorrough, and
    3. D.S.L. Ramsey
    . 2011. Landscape and local influences on patterns of reptile occurrence in grazed temperate woodlands of southern Australia. Landscape and Urban Planning 103:277–288.
    OpenUrl
  14. ↵
    1. Brown Júnior, K.S., and
    2. A.V.L. Freitas
    . 2002. Butterfly communities of urban forest fragments in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil: Structure, instability, environmental correlates, and conservation. Journal of Insect Conservation 6:217–231.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  15. ↵
    1. Caldara Jr., V., and
    2. Y.L.R. Leite
    . 2007. Habitat use by small mammals at Parque Estadual da Fonte Grande, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Boletim do Museu de Biologia Mello Leitão 21:57–77.
    OpenUrl
  16. ↵
    1. Campbell, R.J., and
    2. C.W. Campbell
    . 2001. Integrating fruit trees and other nonnative plants with native plants in the Southern Florida home garden. Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society 114:1–2.
    OpenUrl
  17. ↵
    1. Catterall, C.P.,
    2. J.A. Cousin,
    3. S. Piper, and
    4. G. Johnson
    . 2010. Long-term dynamics of bird diversity in forest and suburb: Decay, turnover or homogenization? Diversity and Distributions 16:559–570.
    OpenUrl
  18. ↵
    1. Caughlin, T.,
    2. J.H. Wheeler,
    3. J. Jankowski, and
    4. J.W. Lichstein
    . 2012. Urbanized landscapes favored by fig-eating birds increase invasive but not native juvenile strangler fig abundance. Ecology 93:1571–1580.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  19. ↵
    1. Chace, J.F., and
    2. J.J. Walsh
    . 2006. Urban effects on native avifauna: A review. Landscape and Urban Planning 74:46–69.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  20. ↵
    1. Chen, T.C.,
    2. B.S. Shieh, and
    3. S.H. Liang
    . 2005. Associations of the community characteristics of woody plants with avian communities in the urban parks of Kaohsiung City. Plant Protection Bulletin (Taipei) 47:229–240.
    OpenUrl
  21. ↵
    1. Chocholoušková,
    2. Z., and
    3. P. Pyšek
    . 2003. Changes in composition and structure of urban flora over 120 years: A case study of the city of Plzeň. Flora 198:366–376.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  22. ↵
    1. Crooks, K.R.,
    2. A.V. Suarez, and
    3. D.T. Bolger
    . 2004. Avian assemblages along a gradient of urbanization in a highly fragmented landscape. Biological Conservation 115:451–462.
    OpenUrl
  23. ↵
    1. Daniels, G.D. and
    2. J.B. Kirkpatrick
    . 2012. The influence of landscape context on the distribution of flightless mammals in exurban developments. Landscape and Urban Planning 104:114–123.
    OpenUrl
  24. ↵
    1. Davis, A.,
    2. C.E. Taylor, and
    3. R.E. Major
    . 2012. Seasonal abundance and habitat use of Australian parrots in an urbanised landscape. Landscape and Urban Planning 106:191–198.
    OpenUrl
  25. ↵
    1. Davis, M.A.,
    2. M.K. Chew,
    3. R.J. Hobbs,
    4. A.E. Lugo,
    5. J.J. Ewel,
    6. G.J. Vermeij,
    7. J.H. Brown,
    8. M.L. Rosenzweig, et al.
    2011. Don’t judge species on their origins. Nature (474):153–154.
  26. ↵
    1. de Toledo, M.C.B.,
    2. R.J. Donatelli, and
    3. G.T. Batista
    . 2012. Relation between green spaces and bird community structure in an urban area in Southeast Brazil. Urban Ecosystems 15:111–131.
    OpenUrl
  27. ↵
    1. Delabie, J.H.C.,
    2. B. Jahyny,
    3. I.C. do Nascimento,
    4. C.S.F. Mariano,
    5. S. Lacau,
    6. S. Campiolo,
    7. S.M. Philpott,
    8. M. Leponce,
    9. G. Schroth, and
    10. C.A. Harvey
    . 2007. Contribution of cocoa plantations to the conservation of native ants (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with a special emphasis on the Atlantic Forest fauna of southern Bahia, Brazil. Biodiversity and Conservation 16:2359–2384.
    OpenUrl
  28. ↵
    1. Donnelly, R., and
    2. J.M. Marzluff
    . 2004. Importance of reserve size and landscape context to urban bird conservation. Conservation Biology 18:733–745.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  29. ↵
    1. Donnelly, R., and
    2. J.M. Marzluff
    . 2006. Relative importance of habitat quantity, structure, and spatial pattern to birds in urbanizing environments. Urban Ecosystems 9:99–117.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  30. ↵
    1. Echevarria, A.L.,
    2. I.R. Lobo Allende,
    3. M.D. Juri,
    4. J.M. Chani,
    5. J.T. Dowdall, and
    6. E. Martín
    . 2011. Composition, structure and seasonal variation of the bird community in the Botanical Garden of Fundación Miguel Lillo. Acta Zoologica Lilloana 55:123–136.
    OpenUrl
  31. ↵
    1. Eliasaro, S.,
    2. P.W. Veiga,
    3. C.G. Donha, and
    4. L. Nogueira
    . 2009. Inventory of epiphytic macrolichens on trees used in urban arborization in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Biotemas 22(4):1–8.
    OpenUrl
  32. ↵
    1. Engardio, J.P.
    2013. Spat over trees amid forest of problems. Accessed 07/14/2014. <www.sfgate.com/opinion/openforum/article/Spat-over-trees-amid-forest-of-problems-4318571.php>
  33. ↵
    1. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
    . 2012. Landscaping with Native Plants. Accessed 12/08/2014. <www.epa.gov/greatlakes/greenacres/nativeplants/factsht.html#Why%20Should%20I>
  34. ↵
    1. Faggi, A., and
    2. P.V. Perepelizin
    . 2006. Bird richness along an urbanization gradient in Buenos Aires city. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Nueva Serie 8:289–297.
    OpenUrl
  35. ↵
    1. Feldman, R.E., and
    2. P.G. Krannitz
    . 2004. Bird composition of oak ecosystem fragments in an urbanized setting: The influence of adjacent coniferous forest fragments. Ecoscience 11:338–346.
    OpenUrl
  36. ↵
    1. Fernández,
    2. I.C., and
    3. J.A. Simonetti
    . 2013. Small mammal assemblages in fragmented shrublands of urban areas of Central Chile. Urban Ecosystems 16:377–387.
    OpenUrl
  37. ↵
    1. Ferracini, C., and
    2. A. Alma
    . 2007. Evaluation of the community of native eulophid parasitoids on Cameraria ohridella Deschka and Dimic in urban areas. Environmental Entomology 36:1147–1153.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  38. ↵
    1. Fetridge, E.D.,
    2. J.S. Ascher, and
    3. G.A. Langellotto
    . 2008. The bee fauna of residential gardens in a suburb of New York City (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 101:1067–1077.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  39. ↵
    1. Frankie, G.W.,
    2. M. Rizzardi,
    3. S.B. Vinson, and
    4. T.L. Griswold
    . 2009. Decline in bee diversity and abundance from 1972–2004 on a flowering leguminous tree, Andira inermis in Costa Rica at the interface of disturbed dry forest and the urban environment. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 82:1–20.
    OpenUrl
  40. ↵
    1. Freedman, B.,
    2. S. Love, and
    3. B. O’Neil
    . 1996. Tree species composition, structure, and carbon storage in stands of urban forest of varying character in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Canadian Field-Naturalist 110:675–682.
    OpenUrl
  41. ↵
    1. Garden, J.G.,
    2. C.A. McAlpine, and
    3. H.P. Possingham
    . 2010. Multi-scaled habitat considerations for conserving urban biodiversity: Native reptiles and small mammals in Brisbane, Australia. Landscape Ecology 25:1013–1028.
    OpenUrl
  42. ↵
    1. Garden, J.G.,
    2. D.N. Jones,
    3. H.P. Possingham, and
    4. C.A. McAlpine
    . 2007. Habitat structure is more important than vegetation composition for local-level management of native terrestrial reptile and small mammal species living in urban remnants: A case study from Brisbane, Australia. Austral Ecology 32:669–685.
    OpenUrl
  43. ↵
    1. Gleditsch, J.M., and
    2. T.A. Carlo
    . 2011. Fruit quantity of invasive shrubs predicts the abundance of common native avian frugivores in central Pennsylvania. Diversity and Distributions 17:244–253.
    OpenUrl
  44. ↵
    1. Goddard, M.A.,
    2. A.J. Dougill, and
    3. T.G. Benton
    . 2010. Scaling up from gardens: Biodiversity conservation in urban environments. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 25:90–98.
    OpenUrl
  45. ↵
    1. Guthrie, R.J.,
    2. J.J. Sullivan, and
    3. H.L. Buckley
    . 2008. Patterns of host damage by the cabbage tree monophage Epiphryne verriculata Feld (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) across urban, rural and native forest habitats. New Zealand Entomologist 31:77–88.
    OpenUrl
  46. ↵
    1. Hanley, M.E.,
    2. A.J. Awbi, and
    3. M. Franco
    . 2014. Going native? Flower use by bumblebees in English urban gardens. Annals of Botany 113:799–806.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  47. ↵
    1. Hasebe, M., and
    2. D.C. Franklin
    . 2004. Food sources of the Rainbow Lorikeet Trichoglossus haematodus during the early wet season on the urban fringe of Darwin, Northern Australia. Corella 28:68–74.
    OpenUrl
  48. ↵
    1. Helden, A.J.,
    2. G.C. Stamp, and
    3. S.R. Leather
    . 2012. Urban biodiversity: Comparison of insect assemblages on native and nonnative trees. Urban Ecosystems 15:611–624.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  49. ↵
    1. Hennings, L.A., and
    2. W.D. Edge
    . 2003. Riparian bird community structure in Portland, Oregon: Habitat, urbanization, and spatial scale patterns. Condor 105:288–302.
    OpenUrl
  50. ↵
    1. Hitchmough, J.
    2011. Exotic plants and plantings in the sustainable, designed urban landscape. Landscape and Urban Planning 100:380–382.
    OpenUrl
  51. ↵
    1. Hodge, S.,
    2. S.A. Marshall,
    3. H. Oliver,
    4. J. Berry,
    5. J. Marris, and
    6. I. Andrew
    . 2010. A preliminary survey of the insects collected using mushroom baits in native and exotic New Zealand woodlands. New Zealand Entomologist 33:43–54.
    OpenUrl
  52. ↵
    1. Hodgkison, S.,
    2. J.M. Hero, and
    3. J. Warnken
    . 2007. The efficacy of small-scale conservation efforts, as assessed on Australian golf courses. Biological Conservation 135:576–586.
    OpenUrl
  53. ↵
    1. Hudson, M.-A.R., and
    2. D.M. Bird
    . 2009. Recommendations for design and management of golf courses and green spaces based on surveys of breeding bird communities in Montreal. Landscape and Urban Planning 92:335–346.
    OpenUrl
  54. ↵
    1. Ikin, K.,
    2. E. Knight,
    3. D.B. Lindenmayer,
    4. J. Fischer, and
    5. A.D. Manning
    . 2013b. The influence of native versus exotic streetscape vegetation on the spatial distribution of birds in suburbs and reserves. Diversity and Distributions 19:294–306.
    OpenUrl
  55. ↵
    1. Ikin, K.,
    2. R.M. Beaty,
    3. D.B. Lindenmayer,
    4. E. Knight,
    5. J. Fischer, and
    6. A.D. Manning
    . 2013a. Pocket parks in a compact city: How do birds respond to increasing residential density? Landscape Ecology 28:45–56.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  56. ↵
    1. Ingram, J.
    1999. When cities grow wild—Natural landscaping from an urban planning perspective. Accessed 12/08/2014. <www.wildones.org/whenciti/ingram-32.htm>
  57. ↵
    1. Jodice, P.G.R., and
    2. S.R. Humphrey
    . 1992. Activity and diet of an urban-population of Big Cypress fox squirrels. Journal of Wildlife Management 56:685–692.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  58. ↵
    1. M. Johnston and
    2. G. Percival
    1. Johnston, M.,
    2. S. Nail, and
    3. S. James
    . 2012. ‘Natives versus aliens’: The relevance of the debate to urban forest management in Britain. pp. 181–191. In: M. Johnston and G. Percival (Eds.). Trees, People, and the Built Environment. Proceedings of the Urban Trees Research Conference, April 13–14, 2011, Birmingham, UK.
  59. ↵
    1. Kalinowski, R.S.,
    2. M.D. Johnson,
    3. J.J. Nocera, and
    4. M.G. Betts
    . 2010. Influence of suburban habitat on a wintering bird community in coastal northern California. Condor 112:274–282.
    OpenUrl
  60. ↵
    1. Kath, J.,
    2. M. Maron, and
    3. P.K. Dunn
    . 2009. Interspecific competition and small bird diversity in an urbanizing landscape. Landscape and Urban Planning 92:72–79.
    OpenUrl
  61. ↵
    1. Kendle, A.D., and
    2. J.E. Rose
    . 2000. The aliens have landed! What are the justifications for ‘native only’ policies in landscape plantings? Landscape and Urban Planning 47:19–31.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  62. ↵
    1. Khera, N.,
    2. V. Mehta, and
    3. B.C. Sabata
    . 2009. Interrelationship of birds and habitat features in urban greenspaces in Delhi, India. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 8:187–196.
    OpenUrl
  63. ↵
    1. Kirkpatrick, J.B.
    2004. Vegetation change in an urban grassy woodland 1974–2000. Australian Journal of Botany 52:597–608.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
    1. Kirnbauer, M.C.,
    2. W.A. Kenney,
    3. C.J. Churchill, and
    4. B.W. Baetz
    . 2009. A prototype decision support system for sustainable urban tree planting programs. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 8:3–19.
    OpenUrl
  64. ↵
    1. Knapp, S.,
    2. I. Kühn,
    3. J. Stolle, and
    4. S. Klotz
    . 2010. Changes in the functional composition of a Central European urban flora over three centuries. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 12:235–244.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  65. ↵
    1. Kulfan, J.,
    2. E. Kula,
    3. P. Zach,
    4. K. Dvořačkova,
    5. J. Patočka, and
    6. B. Kršiak
    . 2010. Caterpillar assemblages on introduced blue spruce: Differences from native Norway spruce. Allgemeine Forst und Jagdzeitung 181:188–194.
    OpenUrl
  66. ↵
    1. la Sorte, F.A., and
    2. W.J. Boecklen
    . 2005. Temporal turnover of common species in avian assemblages in North America. Journal of Biogeography 32:1151–1160.
    OpenUrl
    1. Landmann, A.
    2006. Dynamics of tree-composition and tree-densities in urban greenspaces of Innsbruck, Tyrol: Changes between 1991 and 2004. Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck 93:51–71.
    OpenUrl
  67. ↵
    1. Leveau, C.M., and
    2. L.M. Leveau
    . 2005. Avian community response to urbanization in the Pampean region, Argentina. Ornitologia Neotropical 16:503–510.
    OpenUrl
  68. ↵
    1. Lu, Y.-W.,
    2. S.-X. Tang,
    3. H.-L. Shi,
    4. Z.-F. Ding,
    5. S.-Q. Bo, and
    6. X. He
    . 2007. Relationship between avian community and habitat in Shanghai urban woodlots in winter. Chinese Journal of Zoology 42:125–130.
    OpenUrl
  69. ↵
    1. Luck, G.W.,
    2. P. Davidson,
    3. D. Boxall, and
    4. L. Smallbone
    . 2011. Relations between urban bird and plant communities and human well-being and connection to nature. Conservation Biology 25:816–826.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  70. ↵
    1. Lukas, S.B.
    2011. Evaluation of pre-emergence herbicides within a hydromulch cap to determine weed control and safety for two native Hawaiian grasses in a simulated roadside environment. MS Thesis, University of Hawaii. Accessed 07/14/2014. <www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&ved=0CEIQFjAD&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ctahr.hawaii.edu%2FdefrankJ%2FText%2520resources%2FMS_defrense_S_Lukas_PP_pdf_03042011%2FS_Lukas_M_S_Thesis_final._03_31_2011.pdf&ei=byv0UZaWGaS-igKspIDYAw&usg=AFQjCNGuJNOunXxSY6qCfrbv5Akcu3zv9w&sig2=1AYXaCDFPOw4-QKROVjldw&bvm=bv.49784469,d.cGE&cad=rja>
  71. ↵
    1. Luther, D.,
    2. J. Hilty,
    3. J. Weiss,
    4. C. Cornwall,
    5. M. Wipf, and
    6. G. Ballard
    . 2008. Assessing the impact of local habitat variables and landscape context on riparian birds in agricultural, urbanized, and native landscapes. Biodiversity and Conservation 17:1923–1935.
    OpenUrl
  72. ↵
    1. MacGregor-Fors,
    2. I.
    2008. Relation between habitat attributes and bird richness in a western Mexico suburb. Landscape and Urban Planning 84:92–98.
    OpenUrl
  73. ↵
    1. Mandryk, A.M., and
    2. R.W. Wein
    . 2006. Exotic vascular plant invasiveness and forest invasibility in urban boreal forest types. Biological Invasions 8:1651–1662.
    OpenUrl
  74. ↵
    1. Marzluff, J.M., and
    2. K. Ewing
    . 2001. Restoration of fragmented landscapes for the conservation of birds: A general framework and specific recommendations for urbanizing landscapes. Restoration Ecology 9:280–292.
    OpenUrl
  75. ↵
    1. Matter, S.F.,
    2. J.R. Brzyski,
    3. C.J. Harrison,
    4. S. Hyams,
    5. C. Loo,
    6. J. Loomis,
    7. H.R. Lubbers,
    8. L. Seastrum,
    9. T.I. Stamper,
    10. A.M. Stein,
    11. R. Stokes, and
    12. B.S. Wilkerson
    . 2012. Invading from the garden? A comparison of leaf herbivory for exotic and native plants in natural and ornamental settings. Insect Science 19:677–682.
    OpenUrl
  76. ↵
    1. McIntyre, N.E., and
    2. M.E. Hostetler
    . 2001. Effects of urban land use on pollinator (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) communities in a desert metropolis. Basic and Applied Ecology 2:209–218.
    OpenUrl
  77. ↵
    1. Miller, J.R.,
    2. J.A. Wiens,
    3. N.T. Hobbs, and
    4. D.M. Theobald
    . 2003. Effects of human settlement on bird communities in lowland riparian areas of Colorado (USA). Ecological Applications 13:1041–1059.
    OpenUrl
  78. ↵
    1. Molebatsi, L.Y.,
    2. S.J. Siebert,
    3. S.S. Cilliers,
    4. N. Beau,
    5. S. Dessein, and
    6. E. Robbrecht
    . 2013. Alien and indigenous plant species diversity of homegardens of a rural settlement in the eastern Kalahari, South Africa. Scripta Botanica Belgica 50:294–303.
    OpenUrl
  79. ↵
    1. Moller, L.A.,
    2. A.M.T. Skou, and
    3. J. Kollmann
    . 2012. Dispersal limitation at the expanding range margin of an evergreen tree in urban habitats? Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 11:59–64.
    OpenUrl
    1. Nagendra, H., and
    2. D. Gopal
    . 2011. Tree diversity, distribution, history and change in urban parks: Studies in Bangalore, India. Urban Ecosystems 14:211–223.
    OpenUrl
  80. ↵
    1. National Park Service (NPS)
    . 2005. Why use native plants? Accessed 12/08/2014. <www.nps.gov/plants/restore/pubs/in-tronatplant/whyusenatives.htm>
  81. ↵
    1. New York City Council
    . 2010. A Local Law to amend the administrative code of the city of New York in order to increase biodiversity in public landscapes. Accessed 12/08/2014. <http://legistar.council.nyc.gov/View.ashx?M=F&ID=2302354&GUID=06679CDE-9B7A-4FEA-A301-38DCEBCA4FCF>
  82. ↵
    1. Nielsen, A.B.,
    2. M. Annerstedt,
    3. S. Maruthaveeranand,
    4. C.C. Konijnendijk
    . 2014. Species richness in urban parks and its drivers: A review of empirical evidence. Urban Ecosystems 17:305–327.
    OpenUrl
  83. ↵
    1. Nuckols, M.S., and
    2. E.F. Connor
    . 1995. Do trees in urban or ornamental plantings receive more damage by insects than trees in natural forests? Ecological Entomology 20:253–260.
    OpenUrl
  84. ↵
    1. Ochoa, J.G., and
    2. G.I. Andrade
    . 2003. The introduced flora to Machu Picchu Sanctuary: An inventory and management priorities for biodiversity conservation. Ecología en Bolivia 38:141–160.
    OpenUrl
  85. ↵
    1. O’Donoghue,
    2. A., and
    3. C.M. Shackleton
    . 2013. Current and potential carbon stocks of trees in urban parking lots in towns of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 12:443–449.
    OpenUrl
    1. Oneal, A.S., and
    2. J.T. Rotenberry
    . 2008. Riparian plant composition in an urbanizing landscape in southern California, U.S.A. Landscape Ecology 23:553–567.
    OpenUrl
  86. ↵
    1. Oprea, M.,
    2. P. Mendes,
    3. T.B. Vieira, and
    4. A.D. Ditchfield
    . 2009. Do wooded streets provide connectivity for bats in an urban landscape? Biodiversity and Conservation 18:2361–2371.
    OpenUrl
  87. ↵
    1. Ortega-Alvarez,
    2. R., and
    3. I. MacGregor-Fors
    . 2010. What matters most? Relative effect of urban habitat traits and hazards on urban park birds. Ornitologia Neotropical 21:519–533.
    OpenUrl
    1. Pair, J.C.
    1994. Stress tolerant trees for the southern Great Plains. Journal of Arboriculture 20:130–133.
    OpenUrl
  88. ↵
    1. Palomino, D., and
    2. L.M. Carrascal
    . 2005. Birds on novel island environments. A case study with the urban avifauna of Tenerife (Canary Islands). Ecological Research 20:611–617.
    OpenUrl
  89. ↵
    1. Parsons, H.,
    2. K. French, and
    3. R.E. Major
    . 2004. The influence of remnant bushland on the composition of suburban bird assemblages in Australia. Landscape and Urban Planning 66:43–56.
    OpenUrl
  90. ↵
    1. Pecarevic, M.,
    2. J. Danoff-Burg, and
    3. R.R. Dunn
    . 2010. Biodiversity on Broadway: Enigmatic diversity of the societies of ants (Formicidae)on the streets of New York City. PLoS One 5(10).
  91. ↵
    1. Pennington, D.N.,
    2. J. Hansel, and
    3. R.B. Blair
    . 2008. The conservation value of urban riparian areas for landbirds during spring migration: Land cover, scale, and vegetation effects. Biological Conservation 141:1235–1248.
    OpenUrl
  92. ↵
    1. Petrova, Y., and
    2. A. Irikov
    . 2012. Influence of vegetation on the avifauna in two urban parks in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Ecologia Balkanica 4:25–31.
    OpenUrl
  93. ↵
    1. Posa, M.R.C., and
    2. N.S. Sodhi
    . 2006. Effects of anthropogenic land use on forest birds and butterflies in Subic Bay, Philippines. Biological Conservation 129:256–270.
    OpenUrl
  94. ↵
    1. Pozi, M.,
    2. M. Sorayya,
    3. M. Nur Shahidah, and
    4. H.C. Ong
    . 2013. Diversity of plants tended or cultivated in Orang Asli homegardens in Negeri Sembilan, Peninsular Malaysia. Human Ecology 41:325–331.
    OpenUrl
  95. ↵
    1. Pryke, J.S., and
    2. M.J. Samways
    . 2009. Recovery of invertebrate diversity in a rehabilitated city landscape mosaic in the heart of a biodiversity hotspot. Landscape and Urban Planning 93:54–62.
    OpenUrl
  96. ↵
    1. Raju, A.J.S.
    2003. The status of pollinators and biodiversity in Asia: An overview. Journal of Palynology 35/36:53–71.
    OpenUrl
  97. ↵
    1. Raupp, M.J.,
    2. A.B. Cumming, and
    3. E.C. Raupp
    . 2006. Street tree diversity in eastern North America and its potential for tree loss to exotic borers. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 32:297–304.
    OpenUrl
  98. ↵
    1. J. Marzluff,
    2. R.A. Bowman, and
    3. R. Donnelly
    1. Reichard, S.,
    2. L. Chalker-Scott, and
    3. S. Buchanan
    . 2001. Interactions among nonnative plants and birds, pp. 179–223. In: J. Marzluff, R.A. Bowman, and R. Donnelly (Eds.). Avian Ecology and Conservation in an Urbanizing World, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
  99. ↵
    1. Reichard, S.H., and
    2. C.W. Hamilton
    . 1997. Predicting invasions of woody plants introduced into North America. Conservation Biology 11:193–203.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  100. ↵
    1. Reis, E.,
    2. G.M. López-Iborra, and
    3. R.T. Pinheiro
    . 2012. Changes in bird species richness through different levels of urbanization: Implications for biodiversity conservation and garden design in Central Brazil. Landscape and Urban Planning 107:31–42.
    OpenUrl
  101. ↵
    1. Roberts, D.G.,
    2. D.J. Ayre, and
    3. R.J. Whelan
    . 2007. Urban plants as genetic reservoirs or threats to the integrity of bushland plant populations. Conservation Biology 21:842–852.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  102. ↵
    1. Ryall, K.L.
    2010. Effects of larval host plant species on fecundity of the generalist insect herbivore Ennomos subsignarius (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Environmental Entomology 39:121–126.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  103. ↵
    1. Sagoff, M.
    2005. Do non-native species threaten the natural environment? Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 18:215–236.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
    1. G. Hopkins
    1. Santamour, Jr., F.S.
    1978. Developing improved cultivars for urban forests. pp. 491–499. In: G. Hopkins (Ed.). National Urban Forestry Conference Proceedings, National Urban Forestry Conference, Nov 13–16, 1978, Washington, D.C.
  104. ↵
    1. Sattler, T.,
    2. M.K. Obrist,
    3. P. Duelli, and
    4. M. Moretti
    . 2011. Urban arthropod communities: Added value or just a blend of surrounding biodiversity? Landscape and Urban Planning 103:347–361.
    OpenUrl
  105. ↵
    1. Schmidt, K.J.,
    2. H.H. Poppendieck, and
    3. K. Jensen
    . 2014. Effects of urban structure on plant species richness in a large European city. Urban Ecosystems 17:427–444.
    OpenUrl
  106. ↵
    1. Sewell, S.R., and
    2. C.P. Catterall
    . 1998. Bushland modification and styles of urban development: Their effects on birds in south-east Queensland. Wildlife Research 25:1, 41–63.
    OpenUrl
  107. ↵
    1. Shwartz, A.,
    2. S. Shirley, and
    3. S. Kark
    . 2008. How do habitat variability and management regime shape the spatial heterogeneity of birds within a large Mediterranean urban park? Landscape and Urban Planning 84:219–229.
    OpenUrl
  108. ↵
    1. Smith, R.M.,
    2. K. Thompson,
    3. J.G. Hodgson,
    4. P.H. Warren, and
    5. K.J. Gaston
    . 2006. Urban domestic gardens (IX): Composition and richness of the vascular plant flora, and implications for native biodiversity. Biological Conservation 129:312–322.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  109. ↵
    1. Smith, V.A.
    2013. Lower Makefield breaking ground in mandating native plants. Accessed 07/14/2014. <http://articles.philly.com/2013-07-09/news/40446013_1_native-plants-schuylkill-township-bringing-nature-home>
  110. ↵
    1. Stagoll, K.,
    2. D.B. Lindenmayer,
    3. E. Knight,
    4. J. Fischer, and
    5. A.D. Manning
    . 2012. Large trees are keystone structures in urban parks. Conservation Letters 5:115–122.
    OpenUrl
  111. ↵
    1. Standley, L.A.
    2003. Flora of Needham, Massachusetts: 100 years of floristic change. Rhodora 105:354–378.
    OpenUrl
    1. Stewart, G.H.,
    2. M.E. Ignatieva,
    3. C.D. Meurk, and
    4. R.D. Earl
    . 2004. The re-emergence of indigenous forest in an urban environment, Christchurch, New Zealand. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 2:149–158.
    OpenUrl
  112. ↵
    1. Strubbe, D.,
    2. E. Matthysen, and
    3. C.H. Graham
    . 2010. Assessing the potential impact of invasive ring-necked parakeets Psittacula krameri on native nuthatches Sitta europeae in Belgium. Journal of Applied Ecology 47:549–557.
    OpenUrl
  113. ↵
    1. Suarez-Rubio,
    2. M., and
    3. J.R. Thomlinson
    . 2009. Landscape and patch-level factors influence bird communities in an urbanized tropical island. Biological Conservation 142:1311–1321.
    OpenUrl
  114. ↵
    1. Tallamy, D.W., and
    2. K.J. Shropshire
    . 2009. Ranking lepidopteran use of native versus introduced plants. Conservation Biology 23:941–947.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  115. ↵
    1. Taylor, L.,
    2. C. Taylor, and
    3. A. Davis
    . 2013. The impact of urbanisation on avian species: The inextricable link between people and birds. Urban Ecosystems 16:481–498.
    OpenUrl
  116. ↵
    1. Tommasi, D.,
    2. A. Miro,
    3. H.A. Higo, and
    4. M.L. Winston
    . 2004. Bee diversity and abundance in an urban setting. Canadian Entomologist 136:851–869.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
    1. U.S. Department of Transportation
    . ND. Roadside use of native plants. Accessed 12/08/2014. <www.environment.fhwa.dot.gov/ecosystems/vegmgmt_rdsduse2.asp>
  117. ↵
    1. Uno, S.,
    2. J. Cotton, and
    3. S.M. Philpott
    . 2010. Diversity, abundance, and species composition of ants in urban green spaces. Urban Ecosystems 13:425–441.
    OpenUrl
  118. ↵
    1. Vallet, J.,
    2. V. Beaujouan,
    3. J. Pithon,
    4. D. Rozé, and
    5. H. Daniel
    . 2010. The effects of urban or rural landscape context and distance from the edge on native woodland plant communities. Biodiversity and Conservation 19:3375–3392.
    OpenUrl
  119. ↵
    1. van Heezik, Y.,
    2. A. Smyth, and
    3. R. Mathieu
    . 2008. Diversity of native and exotic birds across an urban gradient in a New Zealand city. Landscape and Urban Planning 87:223–232.
    OpenUrl
  120. ↵
    1. van Heezik, Y.,
    2. K.J.M. Dickinson,
    3. S. Porter, and
    4. C. Freeman
    . 2013. Garden size, householder knowledge, and socio-economic status influence plant and bird diversity at the scale of individual gardens. Ecosystems 16:1442–1454.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  121. ↵
    1. Village of Riverside, Illinois, U.S.
    2010. Landscaping in a landmark village. Accessed 07/14/2014. <www.riverside.il.us/verticalSites/%7BFF0B0056-4ACF-4890-985A-29B8374E9BEE%7D/uploads/%7BD808405A-6CDC-42EC-813B-0B0470A15866%7D.PDF>
  122. ↵
    1. Whitmore, C.,
    2. T.E. Crouch,
    3. R.H. Slotow,
    4. M.A. McGeoch, and
    5. M.J. Samways
    . 2002. Conservation of biodiversity in urban environments: Invertebrates on structurally enhanced road islands. African Entomology 10:113–126.
    OpenUrlWeb of Science
  123. ↵
    1. Wray, J.C.,
    2. E. Elle, and
    3. L.A. Neame
    . 2014. Floral resources, body size, and surrounding landscape influence bee community assemblages in oak-savannah fragments. Ecological Entomology 39:83–93.
    OpenUrl
  124. ↵
    1. Yasuda, M., and
    2. F. Koike
    . 2006. Do golf courses provide a refuge for flora and fauna in Japanese urban landscapes? Landscape and Urban Planning 75:58–68.
    OpenUrl
  125. ↵
    1. Yates, C.J.,
    2. S.D. Hopper, and
    3. R.H. Taphn
    . 2005. Native insect flower visitor diversity and feral honeybees on jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) in Kings Park, an urban bushland remnant. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 88:147–153.
    OpenUrl
  126. ↵
    1. Yilmaz, H.,
    2. M.A. Irmak,
    3. S. Yilmaz, and
    4. S. Toy
    . 2008. Species diversity of four major urban forest types under extreme climate conditions in Erzurum, Turkey. International Journal of Biodiversity Science & Management 4:154–163.
    OpenUrl
  127. ↵
    1. Yu, T.L., and
    2. Y.S. Guo
    . 2013. Effects of urbanization on bird species richness and community composition. Pakistan Journal of Zoology 45:59–69.
    OpenUrl
  128. ↵
    1. Zerbe, S.,
    2. U. Maurer,
    3. S. Schmitz, and
    4. H. Sukopp
    . 2003. Biodiversity in Berlin and its potential for nature conservation. Landscape and Urban Planning 62:139–148.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
    1. Zhu, W.-S.,
    2. Y.-B. Shen, and
    3. X.-Q. Zhang
    . 2010. Discussion on alien tree species planning in the urban greenspace ecosystem. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition) 34:142–148.
    OpenUrl
PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF): 41 (4)
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF)
Vol. 41, Issue 4
July 2015
  • Table of Contents
  • Table of Contents (PDF)
  • Index by author
Print
Download PDF
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on Arboriculture & Urban Forestry.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Nonnative, Noninvasive Woody Species Can Enhance Urban Landscape Biodiversity
(Your Name) has sent you a message from Arboriculture & Urban Forestry
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the Arboriculture & Urban Forestry web site.
Citation Tools
Nonnative, Noninvasive Woody Species Can Enhance Urban Landscape Biodiversity
Linda Chalker-Scott
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) Jul 2015, 41 (4) 173-186; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2015.017

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Nonnative, Noninvasive Woody Species Can Enhance Urban Landscape Biodiversity
Linda Chalker-Scott
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) Jul 2015, 41 (4) 173-186; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2015.017
del.icio.us logo Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One
Bookmark this article

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • METHODOLOGY
    • INFLUENCE OF TREE PROVENANCE ON LANDSCAPE BIODIVERSITY—A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
    • THE RATIONALE REVISITED
    • MANAGING URBAN LANDSCAPES FOR OPTIMAL BIODIVERSITY
    • CONCLUSIONS
    • Acknowledgments
    • LITERATURE CITED
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Google Scholar

More in this TOC Section

  • Contribution of Urban Trees to Ecosystem Services in Lisbon: A Comparative Study Between Gardens and Street Trees
  • Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in Tree Risk Assessment (TRA): A Systematic Review
  • Thiabendazole as a Therapeutic Root Flare Injection for Beech Leaf Disease Management
Show more Articles

Similar Articles

Keywords

  • Alien Species
  • Biodiversity
  • Botanical Gardens
  • Golf Courses
  • Home Gardens
  • Native Species
  • Nonnative Species
  • Planting Mandates
  • Public Parks
  • Residential Landscapes

© 2025 International Society of Arboriculture

Powered by HighWire