Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1.
Flower buds on the right were protected by another plant which acted as a windbreak. The plants on the left were not protected.
- Fig. 2.
Blanching of evergreen foliage caused by a rapid drop in temperature. Leaf buds and apical meristems were not injured.
- Fig. 3.
Frost crack on cherry. This damage is fairly extensive and extends from the first branch to the soil line. Note that the fracture includes a partially closed pruning injury.
- Fig. 4.
Cup shakes is often more serious and extends into the xylem usually fracturing along an annual ring. Cup shakes occur in the morning as the outer trunk is expanding while the center of the trunk remains contracted.
- Fig. 5.
Tip dieback was common in Ohio during Spring 1977. The degree of severity varied widely depending on the species of the plant. Minor injury was noted on the red-stemmed dogwood (left) while branches several inches in diameter were killed on the sweetgum (right).
- Fig. 6.
The seedling Chinese elm on the left showed little injury while leaf bud kill and tip dieback was extensive in the plant on the right.
- Fig. 7.
Many twigs were killed back to the branch. These dead twigs are an excellent entry point for fungi such as Botryo-sphaeria. Note the cut made through the juncture of living and dead tissue on the left. Regrowth later in the season confirms that tip dieback and not foliar bud kill has occurred in the photograph at the right.
- Fig. 8.
Root injury on this Norway spruce seedling resulted from freezing in transport. Aerial portions of the plant were not damaged.
- Fig. 9.
Iron chlorosis on this rose was the result of root injury and low soil temperatures. Foliar analysis confirms a lower Fe content in the sample on the left.
- Fig. 10.
This live oak is holding a heavy ice load. No breakage was noted although the branches were often bent double from the weight.
- Fig. 11.
Pecan has narrow crotch angles and was virtually destroyed in the same ice storm as seen in Fig. 10.
- Fig. 12.
Frost injury is unusually severe on conifers which have only one growth flush per year. Pine, fir and spruce lose a year’s growth when the expanding shoot is killed.
- Fig. 13.
This pin oak shows a classic pattern of layered injury. Cold air is denser than warm air. Thus, we see increasingly severe injury as we move down the tree.
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