Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Mechanical voids were introduced incrementally in a radial direction towards the pith at a constant depth of 16 cm before exposure. Following exposure, infrared images of the stem surface were collected from two perspectives, diametrically opposed, in line with the radius occupied by the void and corresponding with the stem surfaces exposed to the east and west cardinal directions.
- Figure 2.
A rectangular transect was imposed onto each infrared image to demarcate the boundary of temperature values extracted for quantitative analysis. The transect was positioned on the bark surface immediately above the underlying, concealed void on both aspects.
- Figure 3.
Elliptically cylindrical stems with concave surface undulations showed lower surface temperature values within the depressed areas (white box). The temperature range visualized in this infrared image spans 32°C to 44°C, and the color scale (left) shows the corresponding temperature values represented by each color.
- Figure 4.
Superficial defects on the trunk, including abrasions (brown box) and detached bark (white box), were consistently associated with lower surface temperatures.
- Figure 5.
Bark cracks not extending into the stem were related to lower surface temperatures (white box).
Tables
- Table 1.
Mechanical void dimension, volume, and stem cross-sectional area in cut sections of Syzygium grande.
Treatment Dimension (cm) Volume (cm3) Cross-sectional area (cm2) Control 0 × 0 × 0 0 0 Void A 5.1 × 5.1 × 16 327 20 Void B 10.2 × 5.1 × 16 745 46 Void C 15.3 × 5.1 × 16 1159 72 - Table 2.
Mean atmospheric conditions during the four-hour period of experimental stem exposure.
Date Temperature (°C) Relative Humidity (%) Irradiance (W/m2) April 06, 2010 35.2 54.4 895.8 April 12, 2010 33.7 65.4 769.3 April 19, 2010 33.6 25.6 797.3 - Table 3.
Surface temperature measurements for all experimental treatments. Note: Significant change in surface temperature is indicated by an asterisk (*) (P < 0.05). Dates are for the 2010-year.
Treatment and Aspect Date Mean Absolute Temperature (°C) Mean Relative Temperature (°C) Mean Normalized Temperature (°C) Treatment 1 Void A April 06 36.8 0.60* −0.039 East April 06 37.4 0.64 −0.024 West April 06 36.2 0.56 −0.054 Control April 06 36.7 0.56 −0.043 East April 06 37.8 0.61 −0.014 West April 06 35.6 0.51 −0.072 Treatment 2 Void B April 12 36.0 0.62* −0.036 East April 12 36.1 0.64* −0.032 West April 12 35.8 0.60* −0.040 Control April 12 35.7 0.54 −0.042 East April 12 35.8 0.56 −0.040 West April 12 35.7 0.53 −0.043 Treatment 3 Void C April 19 34.4 0.54 0.025 East April 19 34.3 0.53 0.021 West April 19 34.5 0.55 0.029 Control April 19 34.4 0.53 0.025 East April 19 34.6 0.51 0.032 West April 19 34.2 0.55 0.018
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