Sprays Ineffective for Preventing Sapsucker Damage on Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum)

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Figure 1.
Total counts of active sapsucker holes in 1.8 m (5.9 ft) sections of five sugar maple trunks that were treated with a repellant treatment or left untreated. Treatments were applied on 15 October 2006 and 27 November 2006. There were no statistically significant reductions in the number of holes among any treatment and the control at any evaluation date.

Table 1.

Results of analysis of variance, which compared the number of active holes for each treatment and the nontreated control at each inspection.^{^z}

Date of count		Sum of squares	df	Mean square	F	Significance
Pretreatment count 15 November 2006	Between groups	4.367	3	1.456	1.873	0.175
	Within groups	12.433	16	0.777
	Total	16.800	19
23 October 2006	Between groups	9.617	3	3.206	5.585	0.008
	Within groups	9.183	16	0.574
	Total	18.800	19
30 October 2006	Between groups	19.300	3	6.433	5.021	0.012
	Within groups	20.500	16	1.281
	Total	39.800	19
6 November 2006	Between groups	10.300	3	3.433	0.839	0.492
	Within groups	65.500	16	4.094
	Total	75.800	19
13 November 2006	Between groups	76.317	3	25.439	1.278	0.316
	Within groups	318.483	16	19.905
	Total	394.800	19
20 November 2006	Between groups	25.917	3	8.639	0.542	0.660
	Within groups	255.033	16	15.940
	Total	280.950	19
27 November 2006	Between groups	69.350	3	23.117	0.634	0.604
	Within groups	583.450	16	36.466
	Total	652.800	19
4 December 2006	Between groups	73.750	3	24.583	0.343	0.794
	Within groups	1,145.450	16	71.591
	Total	1,219.200	19
11 December 2006	Between groups	65.417	3	21.806	0.258	0.855
	Within groups	1,353.133	16	84.571
	Total	1,418.550	19
Final count 29 January 2007	Between groups	1,093.267	3	364.422	0.258	0.855
	Within groups	22,631.283	16	1,414.455
	Total	23,724.550	19

↵^zSignificance was found on two dates, 23 October and 30 October, when there were more holes with the Crop Guardian treatment than all other treatments.