Efficacy of Foliar Applications, Trunk Injections, and Soil Drenches in Reducing Populations of Elongate Hemlock Scale on Eastern Hemlock

Densities of elongate hemlock scale on trees treated with Distance (pyriproxyfen), horticultural oil, Imicide (imidacloprid), Merit (imidacloprid), dinotefuran, Acecaps (acephate), and untreated (control) trees in September 2004 and 2005. Bars represent means and vertical lines are standard errors. Within each year, means that share a letter do not differ by a least significant difference test (P < 0.05) (2004) or an all pairwise comparison test (P < 0.05) (2005).