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Research ArticleArticles

Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus planipennis) Density and Canopy Dieback in Three North American Ash Species

Andrea C. Anulewicz, Deborah G. McCullough and David L. Cappaert
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) September 2007, 33 (5) 338-349; DOI: https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2007.039
Andrea C. Anulewicz
Andrea C. Anulewicz (corresponding author), Departments. of Entomology and Forestry, Michigan State University, 243 Natural Science, East Circle Drive, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.,
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Deborah G. McCullough
Deborah G. McCullough, Departments of Entomology and Forestry, Michigan State University, 243 Natural Science, East Circle Drive, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.
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David L. Cappaert
David L. Cappaert, Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 243 Natural Science, East Circle Drive, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.
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    Figure 1.

    (A) Mean (±SE) percent canopy dieback and (B) mean (±SE) number of Agrilus planipennis exits holes (exits) and woodpecker attacks (WPs) per meter squared for the small green (GR) and white (WH) ash trees at Butzel in 2003, 2004, and 2005. Three dead green ash and three dead white ash trees were removed in 2004 and 2005. Means for canopy dieback include removed trees as having 100% dieback. Means within years were not significantly different between species (Wilcoxon rank sum test; P > 0.05).

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    Figure 2.

    (A) Mean (±SE) percent canopy dieback and (B) mean (±SE) number of Agrilus planipennis exits holes (exits) and woodpecker attacks (WPs) per meter squared for green (GR) and white (WH) ash trees at Larned in 2003, 2004, and 2005. Four dead green ash trees were removed in 2004. Means for canopy dieback include removed trees as having 100% dieback. *Significant differences between green and white ash trees (Wilcoxon rank sum test; P < 0.05).

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    Figure 3.

    (A) Mean (±SE) percent canopy dieback and (B) mean (±SE) number of Agrilus planipennis exits holes (exits) and woodpecker attacks (WPs) per meter squared for green (GR) and white (WH) ash trees at Windemere in 2004 and 2005. Two dead green ash trees were removed in 2005. Means for canopy dieback include removed trees as having 100% dieback. One outlier for exits and woodpecks per meter squared was removed from the 2005 white ash tree data set. *Significant differences between green and white ash trees (Wilcoxon rank sum test; P < 0.05).

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    Figure 4.

    Percent canopy dieback and number of Agrilus planipennis exit holes (exits) and woodpecker attacks (WPs) per meter squared for 25 green ash and 24 white ash trees (49 trees total) surveyed at three residential sites in 2003 and 2004.

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    Figure 5.

    Mean (±SE) number of Agrilus planipennis exit holes (exits) and woodpecker attacks (WPs) per meter squared for white and blue ash trees at Superior Township in 2004 and 2005. *Significant differences between white and blue ash trees (Wilcoxon rank sum test; P < 0.05).

Tables

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    Table 1.

    Number of trees (n) and mean (±SE) diameter at breast height (dbh) for green and white ash trees at four residential sites and blue and white ash trees at two woodlots.

    SiteGreen ashzWhite ashzSurvey year(s)
    ndbh (cm/in)ndbh (cm/in)
    Butzel  88.1 ± 1.2/3.2 ± 0.5  8  4.2 ± 0.2/1.7 ± 0.12003, 2004, 2005
    Larned1118.0 ± 0.5/7.1 ±0.21123.3 ± 0.7/9.2 ± 0.32003, 2004, 2005
    Windemere  727.7 ± 2.5/10.9 ± 1.0  723.3 ± 1.3/9.2 ± 0.52004, 2005
    Lakeside  832.0 ±5.3/12.6 ±2.1  933.0 ± 4.7/13.0 ± 1.92005
    Blue ashyWhite ashy
    Superior Twp.  520.1 ±3.9/7.9 ± 1.5  420.6 ± 2.4/8.1 ±0.92004
    Plymouth Twp.  522.2 ±3.7/8.7 ± 1.5  524.2 ± 4.6/9.5 ± 1.82004
    Superior Twp.  421.2 ± 2.4/8.3 ± 0.9  423.4 ±4.0/9.2 ± 1.62005
    • ↵zThe same trees were resurveyed each year.

    • ↵yTrees were felled for sampling and new trees were selected each year.

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Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF): 33 (5)
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF)
Vol. 33, Issue 5
September 2007
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Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus planipennis) Density and Canopy Dieback in Three North American Ash Species
Andrea C. Anulewicz, Deborah G. McCullough, David L. Cappaert
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) Sep 2007, 33 (5) 338-349; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2007.039

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Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus planipennis) Density and Canopy Dieback in Three North American Ash Species
Andrea C. Anulewicz, Deborah G. McCullough, David L. Cappaert
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) Sep 2007, 33 (5) 338-349; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2007.039
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