Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
The relationship between absorbance of a periwinkle wilt broth sample measured by a spectrophotometer and amount of Xylella fastidiosa colony-forming units (CFUs) within the sample as determined by dilution plating.
- Figure 2.
Growth curve of Xylella fastidiosa isolate elm (top) and grape (bottom) in periwinkle wilt (PW) broth supplemented with chemical treatments of either oxytetracycline (antibiotic) or paclobutrazol (PBZ) measured over 10 days with a spectrophotometer. Absorbance readings were converted to colony-forming units (CFUs) using the regression equation (Figure 1) determined for this study. Means and associated standard errors are plotted.
- Figure 3.
Growth curve of Xylella fastidiosa isolate elm (left) and grape (right) in periwinkle wilt (PW) broth supplemented with chemical treatments of oxytetracycline (antibiotic) and paclobutrazol (PBZ) measured over 5 days. Colony-forming units (CFUs) were determined by dilution plating. Means and associated standard errors are plotted.
Tables
Scientific name Common name Acer negundo Boxelder A. rubrum Red maple A. saccharum Sugar maple Cornus florida Flowering dogwood Celtis occidentalis Hackberry Liquidambar styraciflua Sweetgum Morus alba White mulberry Platanus occidentalis American sycamore P. x acerifolia London plane Quercus alba White oak Q. bicolor Swamp white oak Q. coccinea Scarlet oak Q. falcate Southern red oak Q. imbricaria Shingle oak Q. incana Bluejack oak Q. laevis Turkey oak Q. laurifolia Laurel oak Q. macrocarpa Burr oak Q. nigra Water oak Q. palustris Pin oak Q. phellos Willow oak Q. prinus Chestnut oak Q. rubra Northern red oak Q. shumardii Shumard oak Q. stellata Post oak Q. velutina Black oak Q. virginiana Live oak Ulmus americana American elm - Table 2.
Growth of Xylella fastidiosa isolates from elm and grape grown in periwinkle wilt broth supplemented with either oxytetracycline (antibiotic) or paclobutrazol (PBZ).z
Treatment and dose Mean log CFU/mL−1 Elm Grape Oxytetracycline 50 μg/mL−1 4.97 a 4.95 a PBZ 200 μg/mL−1 5.00 a 4.99 a PBZ 20 μg/mL−1 7.23 b 8.31 b PBZ 2 μg/mL−1 7.18 b 8.27 b Periwinkle wilt media 7.38 b 8.61 b ↵zGrowth was measured with a spectrophotometer and converted to colony-forming units (CFUs) using a regression equation (Figure 1).
Values are means of three replicates after 10 days of incubation.
Means in each column with identical letters are not significantly different at the 0.05 level by Tukey test SED = 0.028 (elm), 0.52 (grape).
- Table 3.
Growth of Xylella fastidiosa isolates elm and grape growth in periwinkle wilt broth supplemented with either oxytetracycline (antibiotic) or paclobutrazol (PBZ).z
Treatment and dose Mean log CFU/mL−1 Elm Grape Oxytetracycline 50 μg/mL−1 0.15 a 2.19 a PBZ 200 μg/mL−1 2.66 b 3.64 b PBZ 20 μg/mL−1 7.35 c 7.48 c PBZ 2 μg/mL−1 7.33 c 7.67 c Periwinkle wilt media 7.61 c 7.98 c ↵zGrowth was determined by dilution plating.
Values are means of three replicates after 10 days of incubation.
Means in each column with identical letters are not significantly different at the 0.05 level by the Tukey test SED = 0.040 (elm), 0.037 (grape).
CFU = colony-forming unit.
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