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Tables
- Table 1.
The number of trees in the species by diameter by crown loss matrix that was created to evaluate the effect of ice damage in northern New York.
Crown loss categories Diameter 1 (0%–25%) 2 (26%–50%) 3 (51%–75%) Total Silver and red maple 6″–18″ 26 4 6 36 6″–18″ 14 18 30 62 Over 30″ 12 11 22 45 Subtotals 52 33 49 143 Sugar maple 6″–18″ 14 9 9 32 6″–18″ 22 18 18 58 Over 30″ 12 13 10 35 Subtotals 48 40 37 125 Norway maple 6″–18″ 30 23 20 73 6″–18″ 17 11 10 37 Over 30″ 1 2 0 3 Subtotals 48 36 24 113 Overall totals 148 109 123 381 Variable Comments Status Whether the tree was found or removed Diameter at 13.7 m Measured using a diameter tape Condition Subjective estimate of overall tree condition based on a categorical ranking on a 1 to 4 scale with 4 = good, 3 = fair, 2 = poor, and 1 = dead Dead small The number of small-sized dead branches in the crown that were 2 to 4 in in diameter, branches estimated at 6 in from the point of attachment Dead medium The number of medium-sized dead branches in the crown that were 4 to 6 in in diameter, branches measured at 6 in from the point of attachment Dead large The number of small dead branches in the crown that were greater than 6 in in diameter, branches measured at 6 in from the point of attachment Hazard small Defective branches (excluding dead branches) that were 2 to 4 in in diameter measured at 6 in from the point of attachment that had developed as a result of the ice storm damage Hazard medium Defective branches (excluding dead branches) that were 4 to 6 in in diameter measured at 6 in from the point of attachment that had developed as a result of the ice storm damage Hazard large Defective branches (excluding dead branches) that were greater than 6 in in diameter measured at 6 in from the point of attachment that had developed as a result of the ice storm damage Sprouts per pruning wound The average number of epicormic sprouts from ice storm origin pruning wounds; the wounds had to be greater than 4 in in diameter Sprouts per ripped branch The average number of epicormic sprouts from ice storm origin ripped branches (branches that were broken but not pruned after the ice storm); the branches had to be greater than 4 in in diameter Wound decay percentage Percent of pruning wounds with an observable cavity from decay Wound closure Average amount of woundwood in inches on the edge of pruning wounds that were greater than 4 in in diameter Crown loss The amount of crown missing in 5% categories in comparison to a full crown (full crown less any loss resulting from shading, utility pruning, crown raising, or previous ice storm damage) Dieback Estimated amount of the total crown in 5% categories showing branch dieback or death in 5% categories. Crown density Estimated amount of light blocked by the crown of the tree compared with standardized crown density charts (FIA 2006) in which 100% means no light is coming through the crown Species Removal percentage Norway maple 28.3 Silver and red 24.8 Sugar maple 29.8 Diameter class Removal percentage 15.2 to 45.7 cm (6–18 in) 24.8 45.7 to 76.2 cm (18–30 in) 26.7 76.2+ cm (30+ in) 30.1 Crown loss category Removal percentage 0% to 25% 28.7 25% to 50% 24.8 50%+ 32.4 Species Average per tree Sugar maple 3.2 a Silver maple 3.4 ab Norway maple 3.6 b Condition rating in which 1 = dead, 2 = poor, 3 = fair and 4 = good.
Means followed by a different letter are significantly different at P = 0.05.
- Table 7.
Mean comparisons for the significant categories found in the analysis of variance on the average number of dead small-, medium-, and large-sized branches.
Species Small dead branches Medium dead branches Large dead branches Average per tree Diameter category Average per tree Diameter category Average per tree Diameter category Average per tree Sugar maple 1.18 a 15.2 to 45.7 cm (6–18 in) 0.31 a 15.2 to 45.7 cm (6–18 in) 0.10 a 15.2 to 45.7 cm (6–18 in) 0.02 a Silver maple 0.59 ab 45.7 to 76.2 cm (18–30 in) 0.77 ab 45.7 to 76.2 cm (18–30 in) 0.22 ab 45.7 to 76.2 cm (18–30 in) 0.11 ab Norway maple 0.26 b 76.2+ cm (30+ in) 1.19 b 76.2+ cm (30+ in) 0.55 b 76.2+ cm (30+ in) 0.36 b Means followed by a different letter are significantly different at P = 0.05.
- Table 8.
Mean comparisons for significant categories found in the analysis of variance on the amount of wound closure per wound.
Species Average inches per wound Diameter category Average inches per wound Crown loss category Average inches per wound Sugar maple 0.91 a 15.2 to 45.7 cm (6–18 in) 1.4 a 0% to 25% 1.4 a Silver maple 1.2 ab 45.7 to 76.2 cm (18–30 in) 1.1 b 25% to 50% 1.3 ab Norway maple 1.5 b 76.2+ cm (30+ in) 1.1 b 50%+ 1.0 b Means followed by a different letter are significantly different at P = 0.05.
- Table 9.
Mean comparisons for the significant categories found in the analysis of variance on the sprouts per wound and ripped branches.
Species Average number per wound Species Average number per ripped branch Diameter category Average number per ripped branch Sugar maple 0.1 a Sugar maple 0.1 a 15.2 to 45.7 cm (6–18 in) 1.6 a Silver maple 1.0 b Silver maple 1.6 b 45.7 to 76.2 cm (18–30 in) 0.8 b Norway maple 0.5 ab Norway maple 1.1 b 76.2+ cm (30+ in) 0.9 ab Means followed by a different letter are significantly different at P = 0.05.
- Table 10.
Mean comparisons for the significant categories found in the analysis of variance on the crown transparency and crown loss.
Species Average crown transparency Species Average crown missing Crown loss category Average crown missing Sugar maple 73 a Sugar maple 33 a 0% to 25% 14 a Silver maple 63 b Silver maple 36 a 25% to 50% 40 b Norway maple 82 a Norway maple 19 b 50%+ 68 b Means followed by a different letter are significantly different at P = 0.05.
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