Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Experiment 1 (fall 2002), treatment 1: a single Bug Barrier Tree Band™ at 1.3 m (4.3 ft) on trunk.
- Figure 2.
Experiment 1 (fall 2002), treatment 2: a single tanglefoot band at 1.3 m (4.3 ft) on trunk.
- Figure 3.
Experiment 2 (spring 2003), treatment 1: a Bug Barrier Tree Band™ at 1.3 m (4.3 ft) and a tanglefoot band placed 30 cm (12 in) above it.
- Figure 4.
Experiment 2 (spring 2003), treatment 2: a tanglefoot band at 1.3 m (4.3 ft) and a second tanglefoot band placed 30 cm (12 in) above it.
- Figure 5:
Underside of the Bug Barrier Tree Band™ showing captured male and female moths. The adhesive surface of the band rests several centimeters away from the bark of the tree.
Tables
- Table 1.
Mean number of males and females captured per tree species at Lyndale Drive and St. John’s Cemetery.
Experiment no. Cankerworm species Tree species n Mean females ± SEM Mean males ± SEM 1 (sites pooled) A. pometaria American elm 13 129.62 ± 33.19 116.31 ± 33.28 Siberian elm 5 49.40 ± 17.08 57.80 ± 20.00 Green ash 8 77.12 ± 18.99 52.12 ± 23.57 F2,23 0.618 1.078 P 0.548 0.357 2 (Lyndale) P. vernata American elm 7 26.86 ± 5.93 b* 147.14 ± 43.43 b Siberian elm 5 66.20 ± 17.58 b 289.00 ± 72.70 b Green ash 4 4.25 ± 1.12 a 13.25 ± 3.45 a F2,13 17.921 28.741 P < 0.001 < 0.001 2 (St. John’s) P. vernata American elm 5 45.20 ± 12.50 128.40 ± 40.18 Green ash 3 27.33 ± 10.27 73.00 ± 11.15 F1,6 0.811 1.025 P 0.402 0.350 3 (St. John’s) A. pometaria American elm 8 12.50 ± 2.64 208.62 ± 39.92 Green ash 6 23.50 ± 8.92 101.67 ± 26.30 F1,12 2.117 4.258 P 0.171 0.061 ↵* Means within each column followed by different letters are significantly different (Tukey’s HSD, ANOVA P < 0.05).
- Table 2.
Comparison of mean A. pometaria males and females captured per treatment on Lyndale Drive and St. John’s Cemetery in experiment 1.
Treatment Band type n Mean females ± SEM Mean males ± SEM 1 Bug Barrier Tree Band™ 13 106.54 ± 31.30 34.69 ± 11.18 2 tanglefoot band 13 89.54 ± 21.39 135.92 ± 31.10 F1,24 0.200* 3.494 P 0.843 0.002 ↵* ANOVA, α = 0.05.
- Table 3.
Mean percentage of defoliation and mean number of larvae of A. pometaria and P. vernata per branch sample per treatment for Lyndale Drive and St. John’s Cemetery in experiment 2.
Site/treatment n Mean percentage of defoliation ± SEM Mean number of larvae/branch ± SEM Lyndale 1: Bug Barrier™ + tanglefoot 8 7.88 ± 1.98 1.73 ± 0.45 2: Bug Barrier 8 8.07 ± 3.89 1.56 ± 0.58 3: tanglefoot + tanglefoot 8 8.27 ± 2.11 1.60 ± 0.45 4: control 8 8.33 ± 1.81 1.75 ± 0.70 F3,28 0.156* 0.028 P 0.925 0.994 St. John’s 1: Bug Barrier + tanglefoot 3 14.04 ± 8.11 2.06 ± 1.31 2: Bug Barrier 5 10.37 ± 4.64 4.30 ± 1.53 3: tanglefoot + tanglefoot 5 7.87 ± 3.52 3.67 ± 1.46 4: control 5 10.65 ± 4.76 4.33 ± 1.54 F3,28 0.081 0.376 P 0.969 0.772 ↵* ANOVA, α = 0.05.
- Table 4.
Comparison of mean female capture rates for the Bug Barrier Tree Band™ and tanglefoot bands for Lyndale Drive and St. John’s Cemetery for experiment 2 (P. vernata) and experiment 3 (A. pometaria).
Experiment no. Site/treatment n Total mean females caught per treatment ± SEM Mean percentage caught on bottom band ± SEM Mean percentage caught on top band ± SEM 2 Lyndale 1: Bug Barrier™ + tanglefoot 8 26.75 ± 12.83 70.69 ± 10.91 29.31 ± 10.91 2: tanglefoot + tanglefoot 8 40.25 ± 11.02 91.94 ± 3.76 8.06 ± 3.76 F1,14 0.637* 2.649 2.711 P 0.438 0.126 0.122 St. John’s 1: Bug Barrier + tanglefoot 3 17.33 ± 7.42 21.53 ± 10.78 78.47 ± 10.78 2: tanglefoot + tanglefoot 5 51.20 ± 9.69 84.57 ± 2.35 5.43 ± 2.35 F1,6 5.845 25.098 25.100 P 0.052 0.002 0.002 3 St. John’s 1: Bug Barrier + tanglefoot 7 20.14 ± 8.12 74.72 ± 9.51 25.28 ± 9.51 2: tanglefoot + tanglefoot 7 18.57 ± 6.73 81.46 ± 5.26 18.54 ± 5.26 F1,12 0.022 0.243 0.243 P 0.884 0.631 0.631 ↵* ANOVA, α = 0.05.
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