Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Business district scenarios: No Trees scenario.
- Figure 2.
Business district scenarios: Traditional Trees scenario.
- Figure 3.
Business district scenarios: Mixed Vegetation scenario.
Tables
Factor categories and items Factor loading Response variance (%) District scenario ANOVA No trees Trad. trees Mixed veg. Amenity and Comfort 25.31 Mean Mean Mean F = 269.47 Positive image 0.79 3.00 5.35 5.69 p < .000, 2 df Attractive to tourists 0.78 1.28 SD 1.17 SD 1.05 SD (2, 3 no sig. Δ*) Has a pleasant atmosphere 0.78 Good place to explore 0.78 Place to browse for future purchases 0.73 Businesses are friendly and approachable 0.57 Merchant Interaction 16.96 Mean Mean Mean F = 25.23 Goods and services are fairly priced 0.75 4.24 4.82 4.90 p < .000, 2 df Shopkeepers are informative 0.72 0.98 SD 0.90 SD 0.94 SD (2, 3 no sig. Δ*) Good customer service 0.68 Diverse businesses and services 0.45 Quality of Products 14.43 Mean Mean Mean F = 81.03 High-quality brands are available 0.85 3.59 4.69 5.00 p < .000, 2 df Products are well-made and reliable 0.77 1.07 SD 1.03 SD 1.14 SD (2, 3 no sig. Δ*) Merchants will do special orders 0.54 Maintenance and Upkeep 8.46 Mean Mean Mean F = 110.31 Clean and litter-free 0.66 4.27 5.65 5.94 p < .000, 2 df Comfortable street spaces 0.41 1.39 SD 1.01 SD 0.87 SD (2, 3 no sig. Δ*) ↵* Bonferroni post hoc comparison of means, α = 0.017 (0.05/3).
Scenario Patronage analysis No trees (%) Trad. tree (%) Mixed veg. (%) Time willing to travel to reach place?
(Pearson X2 = 117.55, p < .000, Cramer’s V = .436)
Less than 10 minutes 56 16 11 10 to 19 minutes 28 40 36 20 to 29 minutes 12 27 31 30 minutes or more 3 17 23 Total 99*
n = 178100
n = 165101*
n = 169Distance willing to travel?
(Pearson X2 = 84.72, p < .000, Cramer’s V = .397)Less than 1 mile 37 10 8 1 to 5 miles 42 38 34 5 to 10 miles 18 33 36 More than 10 miles 3 19 22 Total 100
n = 177100
n = 166100
n = 169Time would spend during visit?
(Pearson X2 = 134.15, p < .000, Cramer’s V = .507)up to 30 minutes 61 16 12 30 to 59 minutes 26 36 39 1 to 2 hours 11 32 32 more than 2 hours 2 17 17 Total 100
n = 178101*
n = 166100
n = 169Frequency of visits?
(Pearson X2 = 49.63, p < .000, Cramer’s V = .311)Once a year or less 26 8 6 Several times a year to monthly 44 35 41 Two to three times per month 13 30 22 Once a week or more 16 27 31 Total 99*
n = 160100
n = 158100
n = 162Willing to pay to park?
(Pearson X2 = 43.98, p < .000, Cramer’s V = .288)Free 44 29 28 Up to $0.25 per hour 31 21 18 $0.25 to $0.75 per hour 19 29 28 More than $0.75 per hour 6 21 27 Total 100
n = 176100
n = 163101*
n = 167↵* Column total percentages may be more than 100 due to rounding.
Scenario Index and items No trees Trad. trees Mixed veg. ANOVA Convenience Goods Mean Mean Mean F = 49.91 Ice cream cone, dinner, flower bouquet,
lunch sandwich, appointment book8.98
2.74 SD13.44
5.20 SD13.78
5.00 SDp < .000, 2 df (2, 3 no sig. Δ*) Shopping Goods Mean Mean Mean F = 31.11 Sports shoes, watch, light jacket, pots and pans, gallon of paint 33.52
11.49 SD46.43
16.72 SD47.36
18.54 SDp < .000, 2 df (2, 3 no sig. Δ*) Specialty Goods Mean Mean Mean F = 23.64 Gift for spouse/partner, new glasses, art print, motel room 51.88
18.30 SD69.79
30.41 SD73.24
30.79 SDp < .000, 2 df (2, 3 no sig. Δ*) ↵* Bonferroni post hoc comparison of means, α = 0.017 (0.05/3).
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