Factors Predisposing Urban Trees to Sunscald

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Figure 1.
Norway maple with a portion of the bark removed on the south side (trunk injury, treatment 4).
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Figure 2.
Excavated Norway maple root with bark removed (root injury, treatment 5).
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Figure 3.
Cross section of sunscald and flatheaded borer injury that developed on a Norway maple during the study. Note wedge of discolored wood in the center of the injury associated with injury the first season and thin bands of discolored wood in the second season growth on either side of the wedge.

Table 1.

Norway maples that died or developed sunscald in the transplanting portion of the study.

Treatment	Number of trees	Dead	Scald
1. Flush-cut pruned	15	6	6 a^*
2. Target pruned	15	9	8 a
3. Deep planted	15	9	3 b
4. Trunk injury	15	3	6 a
5. Root injury	15	6	6 a
6. Trunk injury and deep planted	15	5	6 a
7. Recommended procedures	15	5	10 a
8. Street trees	15	0	1 b

↵* Values followed by the same letter are not significantly different at P = 0.05 according to Chi-square test of independence.

Table 2.

Norway maples with borer damage in the transplanting portion of the study.

Treatment	Number of trees	Borers in live trees	Borers in dead trees
1. Flush-cut pruned	15	5	3
2. Target pruned	15	5	4
3. Deep planted	15	0	0
4. Trunk injury	14	5	1
5. Root injury	15	6	1
6. Trunk injury and deep planted	15	0	0
7. Recommended procedures	15	6	1
8. Street trees	15	1	0