Host Suitability of Asiatic Elm Species and Hybrids for Larvae and Adults of the Elm Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Fredric Miller; George Ware

doi:10.48044/jauf.2001.014

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Table 1.

Mean development time, percent pupation, and percent adult emergence of P. luteola in the no-choice larval suitability bioassay.

Species/hybrid	N^{^z}	Development time (larva to adult) (d)^{^y}	Percent pupation^{^y}	Percent adult emergence^{^y}
U. castaneifolia	30	—^x	3 ± 0.03 a	0 ± 0.00 a
U. changii	30	26 ± 1.00 ab	7 ± 0.05 a	7 ± 0.05 a
U. chenmoui	30	25 ± 0.75 ab	40 ± 0.09 b	40 ± 0.09 b
U. davidiana	30	—^x	3 ± 0.03 a	0 ± 0.00 a
U. davidiana × U.japonica	30	21 ± 0.83 ab	23 ± 0.08 a	23 ± 0.08 a
U. davidiana × U. japonica-wilsoniana-pumila	30	13 ± 0.30 a	57 ± 0.09 b	53 ± 0.08 b
U. davidiana × U. propinqua	30	—^{^w}	0 ± 0.00 a	0 ± 0.00 a
U. davidiana × U. ‘Morton’-Accolade™	30	25 ± 1.00 ab	3 ± 0.03 a	3 ± 0.03 a
U. elongata	30	—^{^w}	0 ± 0.00 a	0 ± 0.00 a
U. gaussenii	30	25 ± 1.7 ab	13 ± 0.06 a	13 i 0.06 a
U. glaucescens	30	19 ± 0.46 a	50 ± 0.09 b	47 ± 0.09 b
U.japonica	30	21 ± 0.53 ab	30 ± 0.09 ab	30 ± 0.09 ab
U. íamellosa	30	19 ± 0.53 a	40 ± 0.09 b	37 ± 0.09 b
U. macrocarpa	30	18 ± 0.37 a	57 ± 0.09 b	50 ± 0.07
U. parvifolia	30	—^{^w}	0 ± 0.00 a	0 ± 0.00 a
U. propinqua	30	20 ± 1.0 ab	7 ± 0.05 a	7 ± 0.05 a
U. pumila (reference)	30	18 ± 0.42 a	53 ± 0.09 b	53 ± 0.09 b
U. szechuanica	30	—^{^w}	0 ± 0.00 a	0 ± 0.00 a
U. szechuanica × U.japonica	30	18 ± 0.21 a	50 ± 0.09 b	47 ± 0.09 b
U. wilsoniana	30	20 ± 0.40 ab	33 ± 0.09 ab	30 ± 0.09 ab
U. ‘Morton’-Accolade”‘	30	27 ± 1.67 b	20 ± 0.09 a	20 ± 0.09 a
U. ‘Morton’-Accolade™ × U.japonica	30	22 ± 1.00 ab	7 ± 0.05 a	7 ± 0.05 a
U. ‘Morton’-Accolade™ × U. pumila	30	18 ± 0.33a	40 ± 0.10 b	40 ± 0.10 b
U. ‘Morton Glossy’-Triumph™	30	21 ± 1.2 ab	23 ± 0.08 a	23 ± 0.08 a
U. ‘Morton Plainsman’-Vanguard™	30	19 ± 0.33 a	53 ± 0.09 b	53 ± 0.09 b
U. ‘Morton Plainsman’-Vanguard™ × U. davidiana	30	21 ± 0.84 ab	23 ± 0.08 a	23 ± 0.08 a
U. ‘Morton Plainsman’-Vanguard™ × U.japonica-ivilsoniana-pumila	30	21 ± 0.70 ab	30 ± 0.09 ab	30 ± 0.09 ab
U. ‘Morton Red Tip’-Danada Charm™	30	19 ± 0.54 a	53 ± 0.09 b	53 ± 0.09 b

↵z Represents ten individual larvae for each of three individual trees for each elm biotype.
↵y Values within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P = 0.05; Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) multiple comparison test).
↵x Larvae reached pupation, but no adults emerged.
↵w No larvae reached pupation.

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Table 2.

Mean number of eggs laid per female, percent females ovipositing, preovipositional period, male longevity, and female longevity of adult P. luteola reared in the larval suitability experiment.

Species/hybrid	N^{^z}	Eggs laid/female^{^y}	Percent females ovipositing^{^y}	Preovipositional period (d)^{^y}	Male longevity(d)^{^y}	Female longevity (d)^{^y}
U. changii	1	200 ± 30.1 c	100 ± 15.0 c	9± 1.0 b	1 ± 0.1 a	21 ± 0.6 c
U. chenmoui	4	11 ± 6.2 a	100 ± 15.0 c	20 ± 2.5 c	20 ± 0.6 c	21 ± 0.6 c
U. davidiana × U. japonica	3	20 ± 11.8 a	66 ± 33.0 ab	7 ± 4.5 a	9 ± 4.8 b	2 ± 0.5 a
U. davidiana × U. japonica-wilsoniana-pumila	3	168 ± 18.6 c	100 ± 20.0 ab	11 ± 3.0 b	17 ± 4.0 c	20 ± 4.1 c
U. davidiana × U. japonica U. ‘Morton’-Accolade™	3	129 ± 44.6 b	100 ± 15.0 c	11 ± 1.5 b	17 ± 2.3 c	20 ± 1.0 c
ü. gaussenii	1	39 ± 9.5 ab	100 ± 18.0 c	16 ± 2.0 c	21 ± 1.2 c	20 ± 0.0 c
U. glaucescens	4	8 ± 3.6 a	38 ± 19.0 ab	14 ± 4.5 c	15 ± 2.2 c	15 ± 2.3 b
U. japonica	3	O± 0.0 a	0 ± 0.0 a	—	10 ± 3.3 b	5 ± 1.2 a
U. lamellosa	4	61 ± 23.0 ab	33 ± 18.0 ab	10 ± 1.0 b	12 ± 4.3 b	16 ± 3.5 b
U macrocarpa	5	77 ± 19.1 ab	80 ± 20.0 b	11 ± 1.0 b	15 ± 2.2 c	18 ± 1.2 c
U. propinqua	1	23 ± 11.9 a	100 ± 20.0 c	19 ± 2.0 c	21 ± 0.9 c	21 ± 1.0 c
U. pumila (reference)	4	135 ± 28.9 c	67 ± 33.0 ab	8 ± 1.0 a	10 ± 5.9 b	19 ± 0.9 c
U. szechuanica × U. japonica	6	98 ± 41.1 b	67 ± 33.0 ab	5 ± 1.7 a	15 ± 2.5 c	15 ± 2.6 b
U. wilsoniana	3	85 ± 31.1 ab	100 ± 17.0 c	8 ± 0.6 a	20 ± 0.6 c	21 ± 0.0 c
U. ‘Morton’-Accolade™	1	207 ± 25.0 d	100 ± 15.0 c	8 ± 0.6 a	21 ± 0.6 c	11 ± 5.2 b
U. ‘Morton’-Accolade™× U. pumila	4	155 ± 31.2 c	100 ± 25.0 c	7 ± 2.0 a	6 ± 2.1 a	20 ± 1.0 c
U.’Morton Glossy’-Triumph™	2	0 ± 0.0 a	0 ± 0.0 a	—	19 ± 2.5 c	15 ± 1.6 b
U. ‘Morton Plainsman’-Vanguard™	6	188 ± 19.7 c	100 ± 20.0 c	7 ± 2.3 a	19 ± 0.9 c	18 ± 1.7 c
U. ‘Morton Plainsman’-Vanguard™ × U. pumila U. davidiana	3	102 ± 68.0 b	67 ± 33.0 ab	7 ± 4.0a	7 ÷ 4.6 a	15 ± 4.3 b
U.’Morton Plainsman’-Vanguard™ × U. pumila U. japonica-u>ilsoniana-pumila	5	84 ± 41.2 ab	40 ± 20.0 ab	7 ± 0.5 a	18 ± 3.0 c	20 ± 1.4 c
U. ‘Morton Red Tip’-Danada Charm™	8	178 ± 25.1 c	100 ± 15.0 c	7 ± 1.3 a	17 ± 1.0 c	21 ± 0.3 c

↵z Number of adult male/female P. luteola pairs reared from the larval suitability experiment.
↵y Values within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P = 0.05; Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) multiple comparison test).