Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Diagram of a 230-kV line and ROW showing wire and border zones. A low shrub-forb-grass cover type is found in the wire zone, and a tall shrub-forb cover type is present in the border zone.
- Figure 2.
A large coverboard (background) and a small coverboard (foreground) are seen at a sampling point in the forest adjacent to the right-of-way (photo taken by RHY in July 1999).
- Figure 3.
A northern redbelly snake under a coverboard in a stem-foliage spray treatment unit in May 1999. This species, which feeds on insects and other invertebrates, was the most common snake found on the ROW Adult redbelly snakes are only about 20 to 25 cm (8 to 10 in.) in length. They are very secretive and are seldom found, even by those who spend a considerable time in the outdoors. Thus, the use of coverboards is an effective way to monitor this species on a ROW (photo taken by RHY).
Tables
- Table 1.
Diversity and relative abundance of reptiles and amphibians under coverboards, rocks, or logs or on the soil surface on the ROW and in adjacent forest in Centre County, Pennsylvania, 1998-1999.
Species Coverboards Miscellaneous Total ROW Forest ROW Forest Toad E. American toad
(Bufo americanus americanus)0 0 1 0 1 Salamanders Jefferson salamander
(Ambystoma jeffersonianum)3 4 0 1 8 Redback salamander
(Plethodon cinereus)31 35 0 5 71 Spotted salamander
(Ambystoma maculatum)1 0 0 0 1 Snakes E. garter snake
(Thamnopnis sirtalis sirtalis)7 0 1 0 8 E. smooth green snake
(Opheodrys vernalis vernalis)4 0 1 0 5 Mountain earth snake
(Virginia valeriae pulchra)1 0 0 0 1 N. redbelly snake
(Storeria occipitomaculata occipitomaculata)27 0 0 0 27 N. ringneck snake
(Diadophis punctatus edwardsii)11 0 4 0 15 Total observations 85 39 7 6 137 - Table 2.
Diversity and relative abundance of reptiles and amphibians in five treatment units on the ROW in Centre County, Pennsylvania, 1998-1999.
Species Hand-cutting High-volume basal spray Mowing plus herbicide Stem-foliage spray Foliage spray Total Toad American toad 0 0 0 1 0 1 Salamanders Jefferson salamander 1 2 0 0 0 3 Redback salamander 23 5 6 15 31 Spotted salamander 1 0 0 0 0 1 Snakes E. garter snake 0 7 0 0 1 8 E. Smooth green snake 0 0 2 1 2 5 Mountain earth snake 0 0 0 1 0 1 N. redbelly snake 0 4 4 13 6 27 N. ringneck snake 0 8 5 2 0 15 Total species 3 5 4 6 4 9 Total observations 4 24 16 24 24 92 - Table 3.
Diversity and relative abundance of reptiles and amphibians in wire versus border zones on ROW in Centre County, Pennsylvania, 1998-1999.
Species Wire zone Border zone Total Toad American toad 1 0 1 Salamanders Jefferson salamander 2 1 3 Redback salamander 9 22 31 Spotted salamander 1 0 1 Snakes E. garter snake 7 1 8 E. smooth green snake 5 0 5 Mountain earth snake 0 1 1 N. redbelly snake 20 7 27 N. ringneck snake 13 2 15 Total species 8 6 9 Total observations 58 34 92
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