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Research ArticleArticles

Ash Yellows Occurrence and Association with Slow Growth of Green Ash in Iowa and Wisconsin Cities

Mark L. Gleason, Sharon K. Parker, Tiffany E. Engle, Paula H. Flynn, Helen M. Griffiths, Mark A. Vitosh and Jefferv K. Iles.
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) March 1997, 23 (2) 77-82; DOI: https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1997.010
Mark L. Gleason
Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
Department of Forestry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
Department of Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
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Sharon K. Parker
Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
Department of Forestry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
Department of Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
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Tiffany E. Engle
Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
Department of Forestry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
Department of Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
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Paula H. Flynn
Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
Department of Forestry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
Department of Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
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Helen M. Griffiths
Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
Department of Forestry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
Department of Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
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Mark A. Vitosh
Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
Department of Forestry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
Department of Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
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Jefferv K. Iles.
Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
Department of Forestry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
Department of Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020
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Literature Cited

  1. 1.↵
    1. Griffiths, H.M.,
    2. W.A. Sinclair,
    3. R.E. Davis,
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    1. Ferris, M.A.,
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    . 1989. Effects of virus and mycoplasmalike organism infection on green and white ash. Phytopathology 79:579–583.
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  3. 3.↵
    1. Han, Y.,
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    3. D.J. Leopold
    . 1991. Ash yellows, drought, and decline in radial growth of white ash. Plant Dis. 75:18–23.
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    1. Lee, l-M.,
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    3. C. Hiruki
    . 1991. Genetic interrelatedness among clover proliferation mycloplasmalike organisms (MLO’s) and other MLO’s investigated by nucleic acid hybridization and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:3565–3569.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
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    1. Lee, I-M.,
    2. R.W. Hammond,
    3. R.E. Davies, and
    4. D.E. Gunderson
    . 1993. Universal amplification and analysis of pathogen 16S rDNA for classification and identification of mycoplasmalike organisms. Phytopathology 83:834–842.
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  6. 6.↵
    1. Luley, C.J.,
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    3. J.D. Castello,
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    . 1992. Ash crown condition and the incidence of ash yellows and other insects and diseases in Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, and Wisconsin. Plant Dis. 76:1209–1212.
    OpenUrl
  7. 7.↵
    1. Millers, I.,
    2. A. Anderson,
    3. W. Burkman, and
    4. W. Hoffard
    . 1992. Crown condition rating guide. State and Private Forestry Division, Northeastern Area and Southern Region, U.S. Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 34 pp.
  8. 8.↵
    SAS Institute. 1985. User’s Guide: Statistics. Version 5 Edition. SAS Institute, Cary, NC. 957 pp.
  9. 9.↵
    1. Silverborg, S.B., and
    2. E.W. Ross
    . 1968. Ash dieback disease development in New York State. Plant Dis. Rep. 52:105–107.
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  10. 10.↵
    1. Sinclair, W.A., and
    2. H.M. Griffiths
    . 1994. Ash yellows and its relationship to dieback and decline of ash. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 32:49–60.
    OpenUrl
  11. 11.↵
    1. Sinclair, W.A.,
    2. H.M. Griffiths, and
    3. l.-M. Lee
    .1994. Mycoplasmalike organisms as causes of slow growth and decline of trees and shrubs. J. Arboric. 20:176–189.
    OpenUrl
  12. 12.↵
    1. Sinclair, W.A.,
    2. H.M. Griffiths, and
    3. M.Treshow
    . 1993. Impact of ash yellows mycoplasmalike organisms on radial growth of naturally infected white, green and velvet ash. Can J. For. Res. 23:2467–2472.
    OpenUrl
  13. 13.↵
    1. Sinclair, W.A.,
    2. R.J. luli,
    3. A.T. Dyer, and
    4. A.O. Larsen
    . 1989. Sampling and histological procedures for diagnosis of ash yellows. Plant Dis. 73:432–435.
    OpenUrl
  14. 14.↵
    1. Sinclair, W.A.,
    2. R.J. luli,
    3. A.T. Dyer,
    4. P.T. Marshall, and
    5. J.A. Matteoni,
    6. C.R. Hibben,
    7. G.R. Stanosz, and
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    . 1990. Ash yellows: Geographic range and association with decline of white ash. Plant Dis. 74:604–607.
    OpenUrl
  15. 15.↵
    1. Sinclair, W.A.,
    2. P.T. Marshall, and
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    . 1987. Mycoplasmal infection found in four ash species in midwestern states. Plant Dis. 71:761.
    OpenUrl
  16. 16.↵
    1. Watson, G.A.
    1988. Organic mulch and grass competition influence tree root development. J. Arboric. 14:200–203.
    OpenUrl
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Ash Yellows Occurrence and Association with Slow Growth of Green Ash in Iowa and Wisconsin Cities
Mark L. Gleason, Sharon K. Parker, Tiffany E. Engle, Paula H. Flynn, Helen M. Griffiths, Mark A. Vitosh, Jefferv K. Iles.
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) Mar 1997, 23 (2) 77-82; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.1997.010

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Ash Yellows Occurrence and Association with Slow Growth of Green Ash in Iowa and Wisconsin Cities
Mark L. Gleason, Sharon K. Parker, Tiffany E. Engle, Paula H. Flynn, Helen M. Griffiths, Mark A. Vitosh, Jefferv K. Iles.
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) Mar 1997, 23 (2) 77-82; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.1997.010
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