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Research ArticleArticles

Potential Defoliation of Trees by Outbreak Populations of Gypsy Moth in the Chicago Area

David W. Onstad, David J. Nowak and Michael R. Jeffords
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) March 1997, 23 (2) 57-64; DOI: https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1997.007
David W. Onstad
Dr. David W. Onstad, Dept. of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
Dr. David J. Nowak, Northeastern Forest Research Station, US Forest Service, SUNYCESF, Syracuse, NY 13210
Dr. Michael R. Jeffords, Center for Economic Entomology, Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr. Champaign, IL 61820
Roles: Associate Professor
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David J. Nowak
Dr. David W. Onstad, Dept. of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
Dr. David J. Nowak, Northeastern Forest Research Station, US Forest Service, SUNYCESF, Syracuse, NY 13210
Dr. Michael R. Jeffords, Center for Economic Entomology, Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr. Champaign, IL 61820
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Michael R. Jeffords
Dr. David W. Onstad, Dept. of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
Dr. David J. Nowak, Northeastern Forest Research Station, US Forest Service, SUNYCESF, Syracuse, NY 13210
Dr. Michael R. Jeffords, Center for Economic Entomology, Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody Dr. Champaign, IL 61820
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    Figure 1.

    Percentage of preferred tree species in each land-use category in each of the three regions: Chicago, Cook County except the city of Chicago, and DuPage County. The land-use categories are apartments (Apt); vacant land; parks, preserves and golf courses (Inst-Veg); residential (Resid); commercial (Comm); institutional lands dominated by buildings (IB); and transportation areas and corridors (Trans)

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    Figure 2a–c.

    The percentages of intermediate and preferred hosts predicted to be defoliated by a gypsy moth outbreak in the city of Chicago (a), suburban Cook County (b), and DuPage County (c). The land-use categories are apartments (Apt); vacant land; parks, preserves and golf courses (Inst-Veg); residential (Resid); commercial (Comm); institutional lands dominated by buildings (IB); and transportation areas and corridors (Trans). No trees are found in the IB and Trans categories for Cook County. No preferred host trees are found in the Trans category for Chicago and the Comm category for DuPage County

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    Table 1.

    Characteristics of urban forest by land use in the Chicago area.

    Land Use%AreaaNo. of trees%Popb%Leaf biomassc%Leaf biomassTrees per hectare
    Inst-Vegd13.324,99049.2120,27036.8563
    Residential43.913,08025.7170,00052.089
    Vacant6.610,80021.228,7708.8488
    Othere36.21,9603.98,0502.416
    Entire area100.050,830100.0327,090100.0152
    • ↵a Percent of study area occupied by land use

    • ↵b Percent of total tree population

    • ↵c Metric tons of leaf biomass.

    • ↵d Institutional lands dominated by vegetation (e.g., parks, cemeteries, golf courses).

    • ↵e Other land uses (i.e., agriculture, commercial, industrial, transportation, institutional lands dominated by buildings (e.g., schools)).

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    Table 2.

    Dry-weight leaf biomass (metric tons) and number of trees by feeding preference class (L, I, and M are least, intermediately, and most preferred hosts), percentage of most preferred hosts, and percentage of canopy defoliated in July by land use in the Chicago area

    AreaLeal biomass in tonsNumber of trees × 1.000PREFaDefol
    LIMLIM
    Chicago
    Vacant2001,1302,75013016020041%32%
    Inst-Vegb1,6204,1204,73026085073040%26%
    Resid7,4405,7707,75061049036025%6%
    Otherc2,18027023027040308%2%
    Entire area11,44011,29015,4601,2701,5401,32032%14%
    Cook Co.d
    Vacant5501,6507,6001,0701,1201,68043%36%
    Inst-Vegb10,02037,77040,9602,43010,5407,01035%23%
    Resid18,73051,87024,8901,8203,4201,70024%3%
    Otherc1,30013015063017022021%1%
    Entire area30,60091,42073,6005,95015,25010,61033%14%
    DuPage Co.
    Vacant2,0104,8608,0208801,8603,71058%40%
    Inst-Vegb2,0906,56012,4002701,4901,40044%32%
    Resid6,88023,85022,8207902,4501,44031%20%
    Otherc3301,2402,2201403908013%31%
    Entire area11,31036,51045,4602,0806,1906,63045%26%
    • ↵a Percent of trees that are most preferred by gypsy moth.

    • ↵b Institutional lands dominated by vegetation (e.g., parks, cemeteries, golf courses).

    • ↵c Other land uses (i.e., agriculture, commercial, industrial, transportation, institutional lands dominated by buildings (e.g., schools)).

    • ↵d Suburban Cook County (i.e., Cook county exclusive of the City of Chicago)

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    Table 3.

    Percent canopy defoliated in August (after adjusting for refoliation) in intermediately preferred feeding class (I), most preferred feeding class (M), and all feeding classes (Total) for each version of the model

    AreaMainSecondThird
    IMTotalIMTotalIMTotal
    Chicago11.425.913.816.130.617.112.729.215.5
    Cook Co.10.325.914.216.630.618.913.129.016.7
    DuPage Co.20.337.225.820.437.225.816.135.723.5
    Total area12.929.117.217.632.520.513.930.918.4
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Vol. 23, Issue 2
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Potential Defoliation of Trees by Outbreak Populations of Gypsy Moth in the Chicago Area
David W. Onstad, David J. Nowak, Michael R. Jeffords
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) Mar 1997, 23 (2) 57-64; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.1997.007

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Potential Defoliation of Trees by Outbreak Populations of Gypsy Moth in the Chicago Area
David W. Onstad, David J. Nowak, Michael R. Jeffords
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) Mar 1997, 23 (2) 57-64; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.1997.007
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