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Research ArticleArticles

Interference Factors Responsible for Resistance of Forb-Grass Cover Types to Tree Invasion on an Electric Utility Right-of-Way

W.C. Bramble, W.R. Byrnes, R.J. Hutnik and S.A. Liscinsky
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) March 1996, 22 (2) 99-105; DOI: https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1996.014
W.C. Bramble
Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, WestLafeyette, IN 47907
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W.R. Byrnes
Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, WestLafeyette, IN 47907
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R.J. Hutnik
Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, WestLafeyette, IN 47907
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S.A. Liscinsky
Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, WestLafeyette, IN 47907
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  • Figure 1.
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    Figure 1.

    A forb-grass cover type dominated by poverty grass, rough goldenrod, and hayscented fern on the wire zone of a mowing, plus herbicide treatment unit in 1992,5 years after treatment. Tree density was 50 trees per acre over 1 foot height. A witchhazel border is on the left.

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    Figure 2.

    A seedspot protected by a wire cage contained 19 red maple seedlings at 30 days after seeding. The seedbed was exposed mineral soil that laid under poverty grass.

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    Figure 3.

    An unprotected seedspot without seedlings at 30 days after seeding. The seedbed was exposed mineral soil that laid under poverty grass.

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    Figure 4.

    Soil profile under the 3 dominant species of the forb-grass ROW cover type. A thick litter (L) was underlain by a dense tangled mat composed of rhizomes and roots that occupied the black humus layer (H and A). The underlying mineral soil was an acid sandy loam (E and B).

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    Figure 5.

    Average number of red maple and black cherry tree seedlings per seedspot on protected (caged) and unprotected (open) seedspots; 30 days after seeding, for 3 dorminant ROW species combined (poverty grass, rough goldenrod, and hayscented fern).

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    Figure 6.

    Average number of red maple seedlings per seedspot, 30 days after seeding, for 3 ROW species combined (poverty grass, rough goldenrod, and hayscented fern). Four seedbed treatments were applied in 4 replications: A, undisturbed; B, exposed ROW soil; C, plant litter on topsoil; D, commercial topsoil.

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    Figure 7.

    Average maximum height of red maple seedlings on 4 different seedbeds at 75 days after seeding for 3 ROW plant species combined (poverty grass, rough goldenrod, hayscented fern). Treament A, undisturbed; b, exposed ROW soil; C, litter on topsoil; D, commercial topsoil.

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    Figure 8.

    Average number of black cherry seedlings per protected seedspot on 5/29/94 for 3 ROW plant species combined. Five treatments were applied in 3 replications: A, undisturbed; B, ROW soil; C, plant litter on ROW soil; D, green leaf mulch on ROW soil; E, mineral soil from the adjacent forest.

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    Figure 9.

    Average number of red maple seedlings per pot for 3 replications of 5 different seedbeds for 3 ROW cover plants combined, at 30 days after seeding. Treatment A, undisturbed seedbed with intact ROW plant; B, ROW soil from beneath ROW plant tested; C, plant litter on ROW soil; D, green leaf mulch on ROW soil; E, soil from the adjacent forest.

Tables

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    Table 1.

    Model of the probable fate of 1000 red maple seeds invading a tree-resistant forb-grass cover type on an electric transmission ROW.

    Major factorsLoss %No. seeds per acre
    Total # of seeds invading the ROW1000
    Destroyed or pilfered by wildlife85850
    Remaining after wildlife depredation (Figure 5)150
    Nonviable or dormant seed (germ tests)5786
    Viable seeds remaining64
    Loss to plant competition (Figure 6)6844
    Seeds germinating successfully220
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Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF)
Vol. 22, Issue 2
March 1996
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Interference Factors Responsible for Resistance of Forb-Grass Cover Types to Tree Invasion on an Electric Utility Right-of-Way
W.C. Bramble, W.R. Byrnes, R.J. Hutnik, S.A. Liscinsky
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) Mar 1996, 22 (2) 99-105; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.1996.014

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Interference Factors Responsible for Resistance of Forb-Grass Cover Types to Tree Invasion on an Electric Utility Right-of-Way
W.C. Bramble, W.R. Byrnes, R.J. Hutnik, S.A. Liscinsky
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) Mar 1996, 22 (2) 99-105; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.1996.014
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Investigation of Wildlife Depredation
    • A Field Investigation on the Effect of Seedbed Condition and Plant Competition on Tree Seeds and Seedlings
    • Effect of Plant Competition and Seedbed Condition Under Controlled Conditions
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