Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1.
Two year old tree form Magnolia virginiana. The vigorous growth obtained under Ohio Production System conditions allows large shrub species to be grown in tree form. Jim Vent is 1.8 m (5 ft 10 in) tall.
- Fig. 2.
Five year old Taxodium disticum (left) at an Upper Arlington site and at a Columbus (right) site. Both trees were produced under similar conditions and fall transplanted in 1991. These photos demonstrate how site quality and after care practices can modify growth potential. Trees at the Upper Arlington site were transplanted into disturbed soil (a former construction site), received a 1 m mulch ring at planting, two irrigations during the first growing season after planting and no fertilization. The Columbus tree was planted in undisturbed soil (in a residential site), received 1 m mulch ring, six irrigation over a two year period and a fall application of 450 g N per year. Philip is 1.2 m (4 ft) tall. It is unfortunate that the Taxodium in the right photo was improperly sited too near overhead utility lines.
- Fig. 3.
Five year old Quercus shumardii at a Cleveland (left) and Columbus (right) site. The plants were produced under similar conditions and fall transplanted in 1991. The photos demonstrate how site quality and after care can modify growth potential. The Cleveland tree received no after care. The Columbus tree had a 1 m mulch ring placed around it at planting and was irrigated bi-weekly during the first growing season. The measuring stick near the Cleveland oak is held at 1.5 m (5 ft) height. Philip, in the left picture, is 1.2 m (4 ft) tall.
Tables
- Table 1.
Species in production for possible use in a tree replacement program. All species will be grown in tree form: a single central leader with minimum of 1.2 m (4 ft) clear trunk.
Acer pensylvanicum Striped Maple Asimina triloba Common Pawpaw Caragana arborescens Siberian Peashrub Carpinus betulus European Hornbeam Celtis reticulata Netleaf Hackberry Cercis canadensis Eastern Redbud Corylus avellana European Filbert Diospyros virginiana Common Persimmon Eucommia ulmoides Hardy Rubber Tree Evodia danielli Korean Evodia Hovenia dulcis Japaneses Raisintree Koelreuteria paniculata Goldenraintree Laburnum anagyroides Goldenchain tree Maackia amurensis Amur Maackia Magnolia acuminata Yellow Cucumbertree Magnolia kobus Kobus Magnolia Magnolia virginiana Sweetbay Magnolia Ostrya virginiana American Hophornbeam Phellodendron amurense Amur Corktree Ptela trifoliata Hoptree Pterocarya fraxinifolia Caucasian Wingnut Pteroceltis tataronowii Tatar Wingceltis Quercus acutissima Sawtooth Oak Sassafras albidum Commom Sassafras - Table 2.
Tree trimming and tree removal times, rates of pay and total per tree cost for each activity based on 1994 estimates for the Columbus, OH region.
Activity Worker hours (per tree) Rate (per hour) Cost ($ per tree) Trim 1.52 19.39 29.47 Removal 1.93 19.39 37.42 - Table 3.
Two and three year survival and growth of 16 taxa produced under Ohio Production System conditions and transplanted into curb lawn and lawn sites in Ohio. The plant material was one or two years old at transplanting.
Species Location Number planted Year transplanted Survival (%) Initial 1995 ht (cm) cal. (cm) ht (cm) cal.(cm) Black Oak Cleveland 8 1993 75 183 2.3 176 2.5 (Quercus velutina) Pickerington 3 1992 66 150 NA 155 2.8 Powell 2 1992 50 185 NA 260 4.0 Upper Arlington 3 1992 66 235 NA 270 3.1 Bur Oak Cleveland 6 1993 83 175 2.1 215 2.8 (Q. macrocarpa) Cleveland 30 1992 93 191 NA 245 3.5 Powell 1 1992 0 225 NA - - Upper Arlington 5 1992 100 225 NA 320 5.1 Chestnut Oak Upper Arlington 1 1992 100 235 NA 260 3.9 (Q. prinus) English Oak Pickerington 3 1992 100 218 NA 260 5.0 (Q. robur) Powell 1 1992 100 165 NA 230 4.0 Upper Arlington 2 1992 50 250 NA 280 4.0 Red Oak Cleveland 5 1993 100 242 2.3 278 3.1 (Q. rubra) Powell 1 1992 100 215 NA 210 3.0 Sawtooth Cleveland 24 1992 92 162 2.0 315 5.7 (Q. acutissima) Upper Arlington 2 1992 100 228 NA 295 5.2 Scarlet Oak Powell 1 1992 100 175 NA 250 3.0 (Q. coccinea) Upper Arlington 2 1992 100 233 NA 262 3.1 Worthington 1 1992 100 195 NA 120 2.5 Shingle Oak (Q. imbricaria) Worthington 1 1992 100 170 NA 215 2.5 Shumard Oak (Q. shumardii) Cleveland 6 1992 100 209 2.4 214 2.6 Swamp Chestnut Oak Powell 8 1992 38 241 NA 311 3.8 (Q. michauxii) Upper Arlington 1 1992 100 265 NA 240 4.1 Swamp White Oak Cleveland 10 1993 70 164 2.2 204 2.7 (Q. bicolor) Cleveland 9 1992 100 226 NA 251 3.8 Powell 1 1992 100 200 NA 320 5.5 Upper Arlington 1 1992 100 325 NA 400 6.2 Worthington 2 1992 100 210 NA 295 3.4 White Oak Cleveland 8 1993 50 176 2.5 233 3.6 (Q. alba) Pickerington 3 1992 100 165 NA 223 4.5 Powell 3 1992 100 168 NA 223 4.3 Worthington 1 1992 100 150 NA 220 3.9 Kentucky Coffee Tree Cleveland 9 1993 89 136 2.0 156 2.3 (Gymnocladus dioicus) Pickerington 4 1992 100 203 NA 182 3.4 Powell 3 1992 66 185 NA 265 4.0 Upper Arlington 8 1992 75 192 NA 283 4.1 Worthington 1 1992 100 145 NA 115 1.8 Blackgum Cleveland 5 1993 40 187 1.9 18 2.4 (Nyssa sylvatica) Cleveland 4 1992 100 205 NA 236 3.3 Cleveland 16 1993 50 154 2.0 173 3.0 Baldcypress Cleveland 12 1993 75 186 3.3 190 3.5 (Taxodium distichum) Cleveland 6 1992 83 155 NA 264 5.5 Powell 1 1992 100 150 NA 300 6.0 Upper Arlington 6 1992 100 187 NA 237 5.3 Worthington 8 1992 25 175 NA 148 4.4 Goldenrain Tree Pickerington 4 1992 100 155 NA 115 2.0 (Koelreuteria paniculata) Upper Arlington 9 1992 60 175 NA 326 6.6 NA: Data not available.
-: Plant dead when measured June, 1995.
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