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Research ArticleArticles

Soil Compaction on Heavily Used Sites

Phillip J. Craul
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) March 1994, 20 (2) 69-74; DOI: https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1994.013
Phillip J. Craul
Faculty of Forestry, SUNY-College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York 13210 and The Graduate School of Design, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
Roles: Professor of Soil Science, Visiting Professor of Landscape Architecture
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Literature Cited

  1. 1.↵
    1. Craul, P.J.
    1990. Report to the Regional Director on the conditions of the soil and vegetation on the National Mall, Washington, D.C. U.S. Dept. of Interior-National Park Service, National Capital Region. 46 pp.
  2. 2.↵
    1. Craul, P.J.
    1992. Urban Soil in Landscape Design. John Wiley, New York. 396 pp.
  3. 3.↵
    1. Craul, P.J., and
    2. C.J. Klein
    . 1980. Characterization of streetside soils of Syracuse, New York. METRIA 3:88–101.
    OpenUrl
  4. 4.↵
    1. Hillel, D.
    1980. Fundamentals of Soil Physics. John Wiley, New York. 413 pp.
  5. 5.↵
    1. MacDonald, J.D.,
    2. L.R. Costello and
    3. T. Burger
    . 1993. An evaluation of soil aeration status around healthy and declining oaks in an urban environment in California. J. Arboric. 19(4):209–219.
    OpenUrl
  6. 6.↵
    1. Patterson, J.C.
    1976. Soil compaction and its effects upon urban vegetation. In Better Trees for Metropolitan Landscapes Symposium Proc. USDA Forest Serv. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-22.
  7. 7.↵
    1. Rolf, Kaj
    . 1991. Soil improvement and increased growth response from subsoil cultivation. J. Arboric. 17(7):200–204.
    OpenUrl
  8. 8.↵
    1. Rolf, Kaj
    . 1992. Soil physical effects of pneumatic subsoil loosening using a Terralift soil aerator. J. Arboric. 8(5):235–240.
    OpenUrl
  9. 9.↵
    1. Short, J.R.,
    2. D.S. Fanning,
    3. M.S. McIntosh,
    4. J.E. Foss, and
    5. J.C. Patterson
    . 1986. Soils of the Mall in Washington, D.C: I. Statistical summary of properties. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 50:699–705.
    OpenUrlGeoRefWeb of Science
  10. 10.↵
    1. Smiley, E.T.,
    2. G.W. Watson,
    3. B.R. Fraedrich, and
    4. D.C. Booth
    . 1990. Evaluation of soil aeration equipment. J. Arboric. 16(5):118–123.
    OpenUrl
  11. 11.↵
    1. Veihmeyer, F.J., and
    2. A.H. Hendrickson
    . 1948. Soil density and root penetration. Soil Sci. 65:487–493.
    OpenUrl
  12. 12.↵
    1. Watson, G.W.
    1990. Tree growth revisited. Golf Course Manage. 58(6):8–10, 12-14, 16, 18, 22, 24-25.
    OpenUrl
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Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF)
Vol. 20, Issue 2
March 1994
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Soil Compaction on Heavily Used Sites
Phillip J. Craul
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) Mar 1994, 20 (2) 69-74; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.1994.013

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Soil Compaction on Heavily Used Sites
Phillip J. Craul
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) Mar 1994, 20 (2) 69-74; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.1994.013
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Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Causes of Compaction
    • The Effects of Compaction
    • Case Study: The National Mall, Washington, D.C
    • Methods of Compaction Amelioration
    • Conclusions
    • Literature Cited
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
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Keywords

  • Soil Compaction
  • Bulk Density
  • infiltration
  • soil crusting
  • root penetration
  • heavy use site

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