Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1A.
Infested branch of white alder. The tree was delivered from the nursery in a 25 gal container.
- Figure 1B.
The same branch cut open. The larva was boring into the wood causing swelling but no bleeding.
- Figure 2.
The D-shaped exit holes of A. burkeion the bark surface of white alder monitored for emergence. The holes marked with the pencil had appeared in previous days.
- Figure 3.
Emergence of A. burkei adults from infested bolts cut just before emergence and held outdoors.
- Figure 4.
Female feeding on the leaf margin while mating.
- Figure 5.
Whitish to light yellow egg masses appear on the woody parts in April and May. There is no apparent pattern where egg masses are oviposited, except for a higher density near the stain boundary.
- Figure 6.
Tunnelling of larvae at its initial stage. Larvae score xylem-phloem tissues, but do not bore into the wood in larger diameters.
- Figure 7.
Number of egg masses (mean± SE) found on trees of varying degrees of injury by A. burkei. l=low injury, 5=high injury, thick bar indicates SE.
- Figure 8.
Number of egg masses (mean ± SE) found on 15 alders that had increased in trunk diameter less than the median increase of 6.3 cm, compared with those found on 15 trees whose increase in trunk diameter exceeded that median. Student’s t test (P≥0.05). (Thick bar indicates SE).
- Figure 9.
Relationship of tree injury to diameter (Moraga location A, Y=4.58-O.O9x, r2=0.62, P≥0.05).
- Figure 10.
Relationship of tree injury to diameter (Moraga Location B, Y=5.04-0.17x, r2=0.41, P>0.05).
Tables
Degree of Infestation and extent Degree of Injury and extent 1 No stain 1 No dieback 2 Up to 10% of bark 2 Flagging on individual stained top branches 3 20 to 30% of bark 3 30% of top branches stained killed 4 40 to 50% of bark 4 50 to 75% of branches stained killed 5 Major limbs are killed - heavy staining only at the junction of major limbs and the trunk 5 major limbs are dead - dead tree
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