STONER, M.F. 1989. Diagnosis of tree diseases. Landscape Contractor. January p. 35.
The first, and most important, step toward control or management of a tree disease is proper diagnosis. Proper diagnosis depends chiefly on (1) identification of the sick tree; (2) thorough observations of the problem and its environmental context; (3) collection of suitable samples; and (4) careful examination of diseased material. Consult a qualified plant pathologist when solutions are not readily apparent. Diagnosis benefits from a systematic approach that serves to progressively narrow the range of possible causes. Once a diagnosis is obtained, you have the essential insights to see the logical targets for control-including cultural corrections for long-term management.
FEUCHT, J.R. 1989. Recognizing living hazard trees. Colorado Green 5(1):16-18.
Living hazards in trees are not always easy to detect. Structural weaknesses are frequently hidden beneath sound bark and layers of healthy wood. There are, however, some signs one can look for that help to determine potential hazard. Tree location: Where is the tree with respect to potential “targets” such as building, sidewalks, and other public areas? Tree architecture: Do trees lean and appear out of balance? Cracks in branches and trunks: Look for cracks or splits in branches and trunks. Toadstools: The presence of toad stools (mushrooms) on roots, branches and trunks is a sign of internal decay. Cankers: Cankers formed by fungi and bacteria will result in a structural weakness in limbs or trunks.
- © 1989, International Society of Arboriculture. All rights reserved.
