Research ArticleArticles

Effect of Environment, Tree Size and Presence of Wetwood Symptoms on Injectability of American Elm

Robert W. Stack
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) August 1988, 14 (8) 195-199; DOI: https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1988.047

Article Figures & Data

Tables

  • Table 1a.

    Effect of tree diameter on injectability of mature American elm trees in 1981.

    Size class (dbh cm)Number of treesChemical uptake
    Time (hr)Rate l/hr/cm)
    <50153.4 (1-8.)*0.35
    50-62133.5 (2-9)0.30
    63-75122.4 (1.5-4)0.39
    >75113.3 (1.5-9)0.45
    Total Mean51
    3.20.37

    • ↵* Mean (range)

  • Table 1b.

    Effect of tree diameter on injectability of mature American elm trees in 1982.

    Size class (dbh cm)Number of treesChemical uptake
    Time (hr)Rate l/hr/cm)
    <50302.8 (1.5-7)*0.81
    50-62263.0 (1.5-7)0.67
    63-75222.8 (1.5-6.5)0.74
    >7552.8 (2-3.5)0.72
    Total Mean83
    2.80.75

    • ↵* Mean (range)

  • Table 2.

    Effect of air temperature on injectability of mature elm trees.

    Air temperature (C)
    1819-2122-2425-2728-3031
    Mean time per tree
    1981
    Time (hr)4.43.03.03.12.11.4
    No. of trees31014867
    1982
    Time (hr)3.03.12.82.51.92.1
    No. of trees311223296
    Two-year average
    Time (hr)3.73.12.92.82.01.8
  • Table 3.

    Effect of sky cover on Injectability of mature elm trees.

    Sky cover
    Clear 0Partly .1-.2cloudy .4-.7Cloudy .9-1.0
    Mean time per tree
    1981
    Time (hr)2.53.83.53.8
    No. of trees1410414
    1982
    Time (hr)2.32.52.33.6
    No. of trees9124517
    Two-year average
    Time (hr)2.43.12.93.7
  • Table 4.

    Effect of wetwood symptoms on injectablllty of elm trees.

    Time per tree
    WetwoodNone/traceSlightModerateSevere
    1981
    Time (hr)3.32.92.73.3
    No. of trees2113116
    1982
    Time (hr)2.72.52.22.8
    No. of trees571241
  • Table 5.

    Injection times of mature elm trees in relation to subsequent phytotoxicity.

    SymptomsTraceSlightModerateSevere
    1981
    Time (hr)2.63.43.76.5
    1982
    Time (hr)2.64.6--*--*

    • ↵* No trees in this category.

  • Table 6.

    Injection times of mature elm trees which later healed injection holes rapidly or slowly.

    Degree of healing after 22 months
    1981High (>75%)Low < 70%)
    All trees
    Number2719
    Time (hr)2.43.7
    Trees 51 cm
    Number1618
    Time (hr)1.83.5
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Effect of Environment, Tree Size and Presence of Wetwood Symptoms on Injectability of American Elm
Robert W. Stack
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) Aug 1988, 14 (8) 195-199; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.1988.047
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