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Research ArticleArticles

Wound Response of Ulmus americana I: Results of Chemical Injection in Attempts to Control Dutch Elm Disease

J.L. Andersen, R.J. Campana, A.L. Shigo and W.C. Shortle
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) May 1985, 11 (5) 137-142; DOI: https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1985.031
J.L. Andersen
Department of Plant Pathology & Botany, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04609
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R.J. Campana
Department of Plant Pathology & Botany, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04609
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A.L. Shigo
Department of Plant Pathology & Botany, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04609
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W.C. Shortle
Department of Plant Pathology & Botany, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04609
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  • Figure 1.
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    Figure 1.

    Sap exuding (“bleeding”) from elm wound one year following injection with TBZ.

  • Figure 2.
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    Figure 2.

    Section from an elm one year after treatment with TBZ. The treatment-initiated discolored wood has merged with discolored wood present before injection

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    Figure 3.

    Section from a water-treated elm showing three discrete areas of discolored wood.

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    Figure 4.

    Cross section of a TBZ-treated tree. Columns have coalesced to cover nearly the entire cross section.

  • Figure 5.
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    Figure 5.

    Radial section at the injection site from a tree injected 16 months earlier. Clear sapwood (left) produced after wounding, treatment-initiated discolored wood (center), and wood internal to the treatment-initiated discolored wood (right) and be seen clearly.

Tables

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    Table 1.

    External condition of injected wounds.

    Number of Observations1
    waterThiabendazoleSolvent
    MSI#WBLCRCOWCBLCRCOWCBLCRCOWC
    14510000200037000
    1136002973021022311
    2318000181621128114
    • ↵MSI = months since injection, #W = number of wounds observed per treatment, BL = bleeding, CR = crack associated with wound, CO = callus tissue present but wound open, WC = wound closed

    • a Some wounds expressed more than one symptom, so that the number of conditions observed may exceed the total number of wounds.

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    Table 2.

    Averagea length (cm) and volume (cm3) of discolored wood associated with water, thiabendazole, or the solvent for thiabendazole injected into elms over a 33 month period.

    Months since
    injectionwaterSolventThiabendazole
    lengthvolumelengthvolumelengthvolume
    41223190515119349
    1211122296524263010
    1611122286894632970
    24182228213504052929
    33235124416694694871
    • ↵a The values represent an average of nine measurements except those for the 33 month period which represent an average of three measurements.

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    Table 3.

    Mean volume of columns of discolored wood associated with TBZ 12 months after injection.

    Month of injectionMean volume of discolored wood (cm3)a
    May2803 + 857
    June2575 + 529
    July1265 + 269
    August1197 + 372
    September1622 + 715
    • ↵a Mean of 9 observations (triplicate wounds to 3 trees) + confidence limits (p 0.05).

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Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF)
Vol. 11, Issue 5
May 1985
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Wound Response of Ulmus americana I: Results of Chemical Injection in Attempts to Control Dutch Elm Disease
J.L. Andersen, R.J. Campana, A.L. Shigo, W.C. Shortle
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) May 1985, 11 (5) 137-142; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.1985.031

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Wound Response of Ulmus americana I: Results of Chemical Injection in Attempts to Control Dutch Elm Disease
J.L. Andersen, R.J. Campana, A.L. Shigo, W.C. Shortle
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) May 1985, 11 (5) 137-142; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.1985.031
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