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Research ArticleArticles

Environmental Effects of Insect Defoliation

Douglas C. Allen
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) April 1984, 10 (4) 97-103; DOI: https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1984.018
Douglas C. Allen
Professor, Forest Entomology, State University College of Environmental, Science and Forestry, Syracuse, N.Y. 13210
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Literature Cited

  1. 1.↵
    1. J.F. Mitton and
    2. K.B. Sturgeon (eds.)
    1. Borden, J.H.
    1982. Aggregate pheromones. In: J.F. Mitton and K.B. Sturgeon (eds.) Bark beetles in North American Conifers, 74-139. Univ. Texas Press, Austin.
  2. 2.↵
    1. Campbell, R.W.
    1979. Gypsy moth: forest influence. U.S. Dept. Agric., Agric. Inform. Bull. No. 423. 44 p.
  3. 3.↵
    1. Clark, L.R.,
    2. P.W. Geier,
    3. R.D. Hughes and
    4. R.F. Morris
    . 1967. The ecology of insect populations in theory and practice. Methuen and Co. Ltd., London, 232 p.
  4. 4.↵
    1. Doane, C.C. and
    2. M.L. McManus
    . 1981. The gypsy moth: research towards integrated pest management. U.S. Dept. Agric., Tech. Bull. 1584. 757 p.
  5. 5.↵
    1. Giese, R.L.,
    2. J.E. Kapler and
    3. D.M. Benjamin
    . 1964. Defoliation and the genesis of maple blight. In: Studies of maple blight. Part IV, p. 81-114. Univ. Wise. Res. Bull. 250.
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    1. Houston, D.R.
    1979. Classifying forest susceptibility to gypsy moth defoliation. U.S. Dept. Agric., Agric. Handb. 542. 23 p.
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  7. 7.↵
    1. Knight, F.B. and
    2. H.J. Heikkenen
    . 1980. Principles of forest entomology. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York. 461 p.
  8. 8.↵
    1. C.C. Doane and
    2. M.L. McManus (eds.)
    1. Leonard, D.E.
    1981. Bioecology of the gypsy moth. In: C.C. Doane and M.L. McManus (eds.). The gypsy moth: research towards integrated pest management, 9-29. U.S. Dept. Agric., Tech. Bull. 1584.
  9. 9.↵
    1. McManus, M.L.,
    2. D.R. Houston and
    3. W.E. Wallner
    . 1979. The homeowner and the gypsy moth: guidelines for control. U.S. Dept. Agric., Home and Garden Bull. 227. 34 P.
  10. 10.↵
    1. Montgomery, M.E. and
    2. P.M. Wargo
    . 1983. Ethanol and other host-derived volatiles as attractants to beetles that bore into hardwoods. J. Chem. Ecol. 9: 74-139. Univ. Texas Press, Austin.
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  11. 11.↵
    1. Parker, J. and
    2. D.R. Houston
    . 1971. Effects of defoliation on root and root collar extractives of sugar maple trees. Forest Sci. 17: 91-95.
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  12. 12.↵
    1. Richards, N.A.
    1983. Diversity and stability in a street tree population. Urban Ecology 7(1982/1983): 159-171.
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  13. 13.↵
    1. Schneeberger, N.F.
    1983. 1982 gypsy moth defoliation. Gypsy Moth News, No 6. U.S. Dept. Agric., For. Service, FPM, Morgantown, VA. 13 p.
  14. 14.↵
    1. Skilling, D.D.
    1964. Ecological factors associated with maple blight. In: Studies of maple blight. Part V p. 115-129. Univ. Wise. Res. Bull. 250.
  15. 15.↵
    1. Staley, J.M.
    1965. Decline and mortality of red and scarlet oak. For. Sci. 11: 2-17.
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    1. Stark, R.W.
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  17. 17.↵
    1. Wargo, P.M.
    1978. Defoliation by the gypsy moth: how it hurts your tree. U.S. Dept. Agric., Home Garden Bull. 223. 15 p.
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  18. 18.↵
    1. Wargo, P.M.
    1978. Insects have defoliated my tree — now what’s going to happen? J. Arboric. 4(8): 169-175.
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  19. 19.↵
    1. C.C. Doane and
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    1. Wargo, P.M.
    1981. Defoliation and tree growth. In: C.C. Doane and M.L. McManus (eds.). The gypsy moth: research towards integrated pest management, 225-248. U.S. Dept. Agric., Tech. Bull. 1584.
  20. 20.↵
    1. Wilson, R.W., Jr.. and
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    . 1978. Gypsy moth egg-mass sampling with fixed- and variable-radius plots. U.S. Dept. Agric., Agric. Handb. 523. 46 p.
    OpenUrl
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Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF)
Vol. 10, Issue 4
April 1984
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Environmental Effects of Insect Defoliation
Douglas C. Allen
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) Apr 1984, 10 (4) 97-103; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.1984.018

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Environmental Effects of Insect Defoliation
Douglas C. Allen
Arboriculture & Urban Forestry (AUF) Apr 1984, 10 (4) 97-103; DOI: 10.48044/jauf.1984.018
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Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Know your pest
    • Life style of insect defoliators
    • Manner of feeding
    • Tree response to defoliation
    • Crisis prevention
    • Gypsy Moth: A Political and Biological Nightmare
    • Acknowledgements
    • Footnotes
    • Literature Cited
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF

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